A (phrasal) affix analysis of the Persian Ezafe1
A (phrasal) affix analysis of the Persian Ezafe1
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波斯语 Ezafe1 的（短语）词缀分析
DOI：
10.1017/s0022226707004781
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
P. Samvelian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Samvelian
本文讨论了Ezafe助词-（y）e在波斯语中的地位，并在中心语驱动短语结构语法（HPSG）中对Ezafe进行了形式化的词缀分析。Ezafe是某些西方伊朗语言的一个特征，它被实现为一个enclitic，并将中心名词与其修饰语和所有格NP联系起来。后者跟随头部，并通过Ezafe相互联系。基于以往研究中从未讨论过的重要经验事实，笔者认为Ezafe最好被看作是一个词缀，它依附于名词性中心语（名词、形容词和某些介词）以及名词性中间投射，并将它们标记为期待修饰语或直接的名词性补语。因此，Ezafe结构是语法关系形态标记的中心标记模式的一个实例。这一分析不同于以往对Ezafe的所有解释（即作为格标记、句法或音系连接词），并认为Ezafe起源于古伊朗语关系助词-hya，经历了一个重新分析-语法化的过程，最终成为名词性形态学的一部分。
This paper discusses the status of the Ezafe particle -(y)e in Persian and provides an affixal analysis of the Ezafe, formalized within Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG). The Ezafe, a feature of certain Western Iranian languages, is realized as an enclitic and links the head noun to its modifiers and to the possessor NP. The latter follow the head and are linked to one another by the Ezafe. On the basis of crucial empirical facts that have never been discussed in previous studies, I argue that the Ezafe is best regarded as an affix attaching to nominal heads (nouns, adjectives and some prepositions), as well as to nominal intermediate projections, and marking them as expecting a modifier or a direct nominal complement. Viewed as such, the Ezafe construction is an instance of the head-marked pattern of morphological marking of grammatical relations. This analysis differs from all previous accounts of the Ezafe (i.e. as case-marker, syntactic or phonological linker) and entails that the Ezafe, which originated in the Old Iranian relative particle -hya, has undergone a process of reanalysis-grammaticalization, to end up as a part of nominal morphology.