Behavior of perfluorinated compounds in soils during leaching experiments
Behavior of perfluorinated compounds in soils during leaching experiments
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.02.011
复制
发表时间：
2012-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Knepper, T. P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gellrich, V.;Stahl, T.;Knepper, T. P.
全氟化合物 (PFC) 在世界范围内的土壤和水中均可检测到。为了研究土壤中这组异质化合物的浸出行为，进行了流通柱实验。链长从 C4 到 C14 的十种全氟羧酸盐和四种全氟磺酸盐以及受污染的污水污泥已被用于添加标准土壤。使用直接进样的液相色谱串联质谱法 (LC-MS/MS) 分析水柱流出物。观察到的渗滤速度似乎与全氟化链的长度密切相关。其他对浸出行为有影响的因素包括 PFC 的官能团、土壤的有机碳含量以及其他吸附物的存在。质量平衡计算表明，当不存在较长碳链的 PFC 时，全氟丁酸可以强烈吸附到土壤中。在渗滤水中仅检测到约 60% 的添加全氟丁酸。当向土壤中添加长链 PFC 或硬脂酸盐时，缺失的量再次开始洗脱。因此，更大、更亲脂的分子似乎可以从土壤中的结合位点取代较短的 PFC。 使用 32 个地表水样品和 150 个地下水样品进行的监测研究结果证实，地下水中浓度最高的 PFC 是碳原子数少于 7 个的短链 PFC。地表水中主要的 PFC 是全氟辛酸和全氟辛烷磺酸。 (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) can be detected worldwide in both, soil and water. In order to study the leaching behavior of this heterogeneous group of compounds in soil, flow-through column experiments have been conducted. Ten perfluoro carboxylates and four perfluoro sulfonates ranging from C4 to C14 in chain length, and contaminated sewage sludge, have been used to spike a standard soil. The aqueous column effluent was analyzed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with direct injection. The observed percolation velocity seems to be strongly correlated with the length of the perfluorinated chain. Other factors that additionally contribute to the leaching behavior are the functional group of the PFC, the organic carbon content of the soil and the presence of other adsorbates. A mass balance calculation showed that perfluorobutanoic acid can adsorb strongly to the soil, when no PFC with longer carbon chain are present. Only about 60% of the added perfluorobutanoic acid could be detected in the percolate water. The missing amount started to elute again when longer chain PFC or stearate were added to the soil. Thus it would appear that larger and more lipophilic molecules can displace shorter PFC from their binding sites in the soil.The results of a monitoring study using 32 surface water samples and 150 groundwater samples confirm that the PFC with the highest concentrations in groundwater are the short chain PFC with less than 7 (fluorinated) carbon atoms. The dominating PFC in surface waters are perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.