Clientelism in Northeast Brazil: brokerage within and outside electoral times
Clientelism in Northeast Brazil: brokerage within and outside electoral times
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巴西东北部的庇护主义：选举期间内外的经纪活动
作者：
M. Koster;F. Eiró
在关于巴西非正式政治的学术研究中，裙带关系是一个被充分研究的现象。虽然对裙带主义的研究通常集中在选举、竞选和贿选上，但裙带主义的做法及其影响远远超出了这一时间和主题焦点。本文以人类学和社会网络研究中的中介理论为基础，提出了一种方法。基于对巴西累西腓低收入社区的长期人种学实地调查，它显示了庇护主义是如何建立在选举期间内外非正式交流的基础上的。通过对社区领导人、他们的项目和他们对资源的寻找的研究，本文推进了对庇护主义如何作为一种社会机制在这些社区的生活秩序中发挥作用的更全面的理解。
ABSTRACT In scholarship on informal politics in Brazil, clientelism is a well-studied phenomenon. While studies of clientelism generally concentrate on elections, campaigning and vote buying, clientelist practices and their impact extend well beyond this temporal and thematic focus. This article develops an approach that builds on theories of brokerage in anthropology and social network studies. Based on long-term ethnographic fieldwork in low-income neighbourhoods in Recife, Brazil, it shows how clientelism is based on informal exchanges both within and outside election periods. Through a study of community leaders, their projects and their search for resources, the article advances a more comprehensive understanding of how clientelism works as a social mechanism in the ordering of life in these neighbourhoods.