Age differences for stop-consonant and vowel perception in adults.
Age differences for stop-consonant and vowel perception in adults.
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DOI：
10.1121/1.1399047
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发表时间：
2001-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. N. Ohde;R. Abou-Khalil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. N. Ohde;R. Abou-Khalil
这项研究的目的是确定静态、动态和综合线索在三个成年年龄组中对知觉的作用，并确定年龄是否如“年龄相关缺陷假说”所预测的那样对辅音和元音知觉产生影响。青年(20-26岁)、中年(52-59岁)和老年(70-76岁)各有8名成年受试者听由[b d g]和[i u a]组合组成的合成音节。合成参数包括对以下刺激变量的处理：共振峰转换(移动或直线)、噪声爆发(存在或不存在)和发声持续时间(10、30或46ms)。元音知觉在所有条件下都很高，并且在不同年龄组之间没有显著差异。辅音识别表现出一定的年龄效应。年轻人和中年人在仅从次要线索中辨别辅音方面明显好于老年人。与中青年听者相比，老年人更多地依赖静态和动态线索的整合来识别停辅音的发音位置。在中青年组中，时长有助于正确辨认无突发条件下的停辅音，而在老年组中则不能。这些关于停顿-辅音转换持续时间的发现表明，随着年龄的增长，处理速度会降低。总体而言，这些结果不支持成人根据动态光谱线索识别元音和辅音的年龄相关缺陷假说。
The purpose of this study was to determine the role of static, dynamic, and integrated cues for perception in three adult age groups, and to determine whether age has an effect on both consonant and vowel perception, as predicted by the "age-related deficit hypothesis." Eight adult subjects in each of the age ranges of young (ages 20-26), middle aged (ages 52-59), and old (ages 70-76) listened to synthesized syllables composed of combinations of [b d g] and [i u a]. The synthesis parameters included manipulations of the following stimulus variables: formant transition (moving or straight), noise burst (present or absent), and voicing duration (10, 30, or 46 ms). Vowel perception was high across all conditions and there were no significant differences among age groups. Consonant identification showed a definite effect of age. Young and middle-aged adults were significantly better than older adults at identifying consonants from secondary cues only. Older adults relied on the integration of static and dynamic cues to a greater extent than younger and middle-aged listeners for identification of place of articulation of stop consonants. Duration facilitated correct stop-consonant identification in the young and middle-aged groups for the no-burst conditions, but not in the old group. These findings for the duration of stop-consonant transitions indicate reductions in processing speed with age. In general, the results did not support the age-related deficit hypothesis for adult identification of vowels and consonants from dynamic spectral cues.