Endocannabinoid Signaling in Neural Plasticity
Endocannabinoid Signaling in Neural Plasticity
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-540-88955-7_6
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Alger, Bradley E.
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文献类型：
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作者：
Alger, Bradley E.
可塑性是指生理测量的变化，可能持续短期或长期。内源性大麻素 (ECB) 普遍存在于大脑的大部分区域，并以多种方式调节突触传递。本章将重点讨论 ECB 在哺乳动物大脑神经可塑性中的作用。所涵盖的主题可以大致分为两个主题：ECB 如何调节突触可塑性，以及 ECB 的行为本身如何受到神经元活动的调节。由于 ECB 调节突触可塑性，因此 ECB 动员的可修改性构成了一种“化塑性”（据 Abraham 和 Bear 报道（Trends Neurosci 19:126-130, 1996）），即决定突触可塑性性质和程度的上游过程。它们的许多基本功能仍在被发现，虽然在重大问题上存在共识，但也存在许多分歧点。本章重点介绍自 Chevaleyre 等人发表主要综述以来 ECB 在突触可塑性中的作用的进展。 (神经科学年鉴 29:37-76, 2006)。
Plasticity refers to a physiologically measured change that may last for short or long periods of time. Endocannabinoids (ECBs) are prevalent throughout most of the brain, and modulate synaptic transmission in many ways. This chapter will focus on the roles of ECBs in neural plasticity in the mammalian brain. The topics covered can be divided loosely into two themes: how ECBs regulate synapticplasticity, and how ECBs' actions themselves are regulated by neuronal activity. Because ECBs regulate synaptic plasticity, the modifiability of ECB mobilization constitutes a form of "metaplasticity" (as reported by Abraham and Bear (Trends Neurosci 19:126-130, 1996)), i.e., an upstream process that determines the nature and extent of synaptic plasticity. Many of their basic functions are still being discovered, and while there is consensus on large issues, many points of divergence exist as well. This chapter concentrates on developments in the roles of ECBs in synaptic plasticity that have come to light since the major review by Chevaleyre et al. (Annu Rev Neurosci 29:37-76, 2006).