Two pricing mechanisms for a service provider when customers' delay costs are value-related

Two pricing mechanisms for a service provider when customers' delay costs are value-related
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当客户的延迟成本与价值相关时,服务提供商的两种定价机制

DOI:
10.1016/j.cie.2015.06.011
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发表时间:
2015-09
影响因子:
7.9
通讯作者:
W. Huang
W. Huang
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
周文慧;W. Huang

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本文研究了服务于延迟敏感客户的供应商的两种定价机制,一种是统一定价,另一种是优先级拍卖。假设客户的期望延迟成本取决于他对服务的价值(即单位延迟成本是他的价值的严格递增函数)和由系统中的客户数量(以及如果采用拍卖,则他在队列中的基于支付的位置)引起的期望逗留时间。因此,每个客户对服务提供商的定价机制作出反应,决定是否进入服务系统以及支付多少。这个问题是一个Stackelberg博弈。当采用拍卖方式时,利用逆向选择理论,我们得到了一个可行的方案,在该方案中,具有较高价值的顾客愿意支付更多的价格。我们进一步比较了这两种定价机制的性能。我们的数值例子表明,拍卖表现更好,不仅在收入方面,而且在社会福利的改善。有趣的是,拍卖在大多数情况下也可以带来更多的客户剩余,这与收益管理领域的常见技术不同。
In this paper, we study two pricing mechanisms for a provider that serves delay-sensitive customers, one is the uniform pricing and the other is the priority auction. The expected delay cost of a customer is assumed to depend on his value for the service (i.e. the unit delay cost is a strictly increasing function of his value) and the expected sojourn time caused by the number of customers in the system (and his payment-based position in the queue if auction is adopted). Hence, each customer reacts to the service provider’s pricing mechanism by deciding whether or not to enter the service system and how much he pays. This resulting problem is a Stackelberg game. When auction is adopted, by using of adverse selection, we derive a feasible scheme in which customers with higher value would like to pay more. We further compare the performance of these two pricing mechanisms. Our numerical examples show that auction performs better not only in terms of revenue making but also in terms of social welfare improvement. Interestingly, auction can also render more customer surplus in most instances, which differs from the common techniques in revenue management field.
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