Interpreting interfluvial landscape transformations in the pre-Columbian Amazon
Interpreting interfluvial landscape transformations in the pre-Columbian Amazon
复制标题
解释前哥伦布时期亚马逊河间的景观转变
DOI：
10.1177/0959683615588372
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Stahl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Stahl
尽管有证据表明人类在亚马逊盆地长期存在，但其广阔的河间栖息地经常被描述为直到最近才幸存下来的“野生”景观，既没有人类定居点，也没有大量的人类土地使用。古生态学和考古学的相关研究兴趣在解释性范式的发展中共享并行的历史，以理解有助于新热带生态学的过程，因为两者都是从基于稳定和平衡的模型主导的早期时期发展到当代倡导动态稳定和变化。最近的范例容纳人类作为关键物种，并暗示他们在过去和现在的景观管理的作用。这是特别重要的新热带地区，有人认为，广泛和古老的土著农林中间干扰河流间景观的管理。这与最近在亚马逊河流域中部和西部的古生态学研究的批判性讨论形成鲜明对比，该研究认为，河流间景观缺乏前哥伦布时期的人口，并在整个人类世的大部分时间里作为相对原始的遗迹景观而幸存下来。
Despite evidence for the protracted presence of humans in the Amazon Basin, its vast interfluvial habitats are frequently depicted as having survived until recently as ‘wild’ landscapes with neither human settlement nor substantial human land use. Related research interests of paleoecology and archaeology share parallel histories in the development of explanatory paradigms for understanding processes contributing to neotropical ecology, as both emerged from earlier periods dominated by models based on stability and equilibrium to a contemporary advocacy of dynamic stability and change. Recent paradigms accommodate humans as keystone species and implicate their role in past and present landscape management. This is particularly important in the neotropics where it is argued that an extensive and ancient indigenous agroforestry employed intermediate disturbance in the management of interfluvial landscapes. This is contrasted with a critical discussion of recent paleoecological research in central and western Amazonia, which argues that interfluvial landscapes were devoid of pre-Columbian populations and survived as relatively pristine relic landscapes throughout most of the Anthropocene.