Observation of the Hanbury Brown–Twiss effect with ultracold molecules
Observation of the Hanbury Brown–Twiss effect with ultracold molecules
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DOI：
10.1038/s41567-022-01695-9
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发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
J. Rosenberg;Lysander Christakis;Elmer Guardado-Sanchez;Zoe Z. Yan;W. Bakr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Rosenberg;Lysander Christakis;Elmer Guardado-Sanchez;Zoe Z. Yan;W. Bakr
测量单个量子对象的统计关联为研究复杂的量子系统提供了一种极好的方法。超冷分子由于其丰富且可控的内部自由度，为量子模拟和量子计算提供了一个强大的平台。然而，超冷气体中单分子之间的相互关系的检测还有待证实。这里我们观察到了Hanbury Brown-Twiss效应--通过分子量子气体显微镜的实现，在玻色子23Na87Rb Feshbach分子的气体中，出现了由独立探测器收集的不可区分粒子的聚束关联。我们在二维分子气体的密度涨落中检测到了特征聚束关联，该气体从光学晶格中释放，然后在光学晶格中被重新捕获。量子气体显微镜使我们能够以单点分辨率提取单个分子的位置。结果，我们得到了能见度较高的双分子干涉图。尽管这些测量到的关联纯粹来自分子的量子统计，但所展示的成像能力为光学晶格中相互作用的分子气体的现场分辨研究开辟了道路。
Measuring the statistical correlations of individual quantum objects provides an excellent way to study complex quantum systems. Ultracold molecules represent a powerful platform for quantum simulation and quantum computation due to their rich and controllable internal degrees of freedom. However, the detection of correlations between single molecules in an ultracold gas has yet to be demonstrated. Here we observe the Hanbury Brown–Twiss effect—the emergence of bunching correlations of indistinguishable particles collected by separate detectors—in a gas of bosonic23Na87Rb Feshbach molecules, enabled by the realization of a molecular quantum gas microscope. We detect the characteristic bunching correlations in the density fluctuations of a two-dimensional molecular gas released from and subsequently recaptured in an optical lattice. The quantum gas microscope allows us to extract the positions of individual molecules with single-site resolution. As a result, we obtain a two-molecule interference pattern with high visibility. Although these measured correlations purely arise from the quantum statistics of the molecules, the demonstrated imaging capabilities open the way for site-resolved studies of interacting molecular gases in optical lattices.