Motor automaticity in Parkinson's disease.

Motor automaticity in Parkinson's disease.
复制标题

帕金森病的运动自动化。

DOI:
10.1016/j.nbd.2015.06.014
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发表时间:
2015-10
影响因子:
6.1
通讯作者:
Chan P
Chan P
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wu T;Hallett M;Chan P

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运动迟缓是导致帕金森病(PD)运动障碍的最重要特征。然而,运动迟缓的病理生理机制尚未完全了解。一个重要的方面是PD患者难以自动执行学习的运动技能,但这个问题通常被忽视。在这里,我们回顾运动自律性相关的运动缺陷,如减少手臂摆动,减少步长,冻结的步态,micrographia和减少面部表情。最近的神经影像学研究揭示了帕金森病运动自动性受损的一些神经机制,包括运动的神经编码效率较低,未能将自动运动技能转移到感觉运动纹状体,纹状体内自动模式的不稳定性,以及使用注意力控制和/或补偿努力来执行健康人通常自动执行的运动。PD患者由于其受损的感觉运动纹状体而失去先前获得的自动技能,并且难以获得新的自动技能或恢复失去的运动技能。进一步研究运动自律性的病理生理学、左旋多巴或手术治疗对自律性的影响以及自律性指标在PD早期诊断中的潜在作用将是有价值的。
Bradykinesia is the most important feature contributing to motor difficulties in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the pathophysiology underlying bradykinesia is not fully understood. One important aspect is that PD patients have difficulty in performing learned motor skills automatically, but this problem has been generally overlooked. Here we review motor automaticity associated motor deficits in PD, such as reduced arm swing, decreased stride length, freezing of gait, micrographia and reduced facial expression. Recent neuroimaging studies have revealed some neural mechanisms underlying impaired motor automaticity in PD, including less efficient neural coding of movement, failure to shift automated motor skills to the sensorimotor striatum, instability of the automatic mode within the striatum, and use of attentional control and/or compensatory efforts to execute movements usually performed automatically in healthy people. PD patients lose previously acquired automatic skills due to their impaired sensorimotor striatum, and have difficulty in acquiring new automatic skills or restoring lost motor skills. More investigations on the pathophysiology of motor automaticity, the effect of L-dopa or surgical treatments on automaticity, and the potential role of using measures of automaticity in early diagnosis of PD would be valuable.
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影响因子: 14.5
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