A system to measure, control and minimize end-to-end head tracking latency in immersive simulations
A system to measure, control and minimize end-to-end head tracking latency in immersive simulations
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一种在沉浸式模拟中测量、控制和最小化端到端头部跟踪延迟的系统
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
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通讯作者：
E. Koutroulis
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文献类型：
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作者：
Giorgos Papadakis;K. Mania;E. Koutroulis
系统延迟（时间延迟）及其可见的后果是虚拟环境（VE）的基本缺陷，可能会妨碍用户的感知和性能。本文提出了一种沉浸式仿真系统，改进了当前的延迟测量和最小化技术。用于延迟测量和最小化的硬件是基于低成本和便携式设备组装的，其中大多数通常在学术设施中找到，而不会降低测量的准确性。一个定制的机制，测量和最大限度地减少端到端的头部跟踪延迟在沉浸式虚拟环境组装。该机制基于示波器比较两个信号。一个是由于头部跟踪器的运动产生的轴编码器连接在伺服电机移动跟踪器。另一个信号是通过使用连接到计算机监视器的光电二极管在VE中的这种移动的视觉结果产生的。利用XVR平台实现了虚拟环境中延迟的可视化和应用级控制。最小化过程导致初始测量延迟减少近50%。VE延迟的测量和最小化的机制的描述将是必不可少的，以指导系统的对策，如预测补偿。
System latency (time delay) and its visible consequences are fundamental Virtual Environment (VE) deficiencies that can hamper user perception and performance. This paper presents an immersive simulation system which improves upon current latency measurement and minimization techniques. Hardware used for latency measurements and minimization is assembled based on low-cost and portable equipment, most of them commonly found in an academic facility without reduction in accuracy of measurements. A custom-made mechanism of measuring and minimizing end-to-end head tracking latency in an immersive VE is assembled. The mechanism is based on an oscilloscope comparing two signals. One is generated due to the head-tracker movement by a shaft encoder attached on a servo motor moving the tracker. The other signal is generated by the visual consequences of this movement in the VE using a photodiode attached to the computer monitor. Visualization and application-level control of latency in the VE was implemented using the XVR platform. Minimization processes resulted in almost 50% reduction of initial measured latency. The description of the mechanism by which VE latency is measured and minimized will be essential to guide system countermeasures such as predictive compensation.