The roles of PDGF in development and during neurogenesis in the normal and diseased nervous system.
The roles of PDGF in development and during neurogenesis in the normal and diseased nervous system.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11481-013-9479-z
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发表时间：
2014-03
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Sasahara, Masakiyo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Funa, Keiko;Sasahara, Masakiyo
四种血小板衍生生长因子（PDGF）配体和PDGF受体（PDGFR）α和β（PDGFRA、PDGFRB）是在胚胎和成熟神经系统期间表达的必需蛋白质，即，在神经祖细胞、神经元、星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞和血管细胞中。PDGF与其他因子协同作用，通过调节前基板祖细胞、基板外胚层和神经嵴细胞向成体神经祖细胞的发育，发挥从原肠胚形成期到成体神经元维持的重要作用。在成年期，PDGF通过控制血脑屏障稳态，在神经系统中与血管细胞一起维持许多特定细胞类型中起关键作用。在损伤或各种应激时，PDGF通过调节各种离子通道，调节神经元的兴奋性，影响突触的可塑性和功能。此外，PDGF刺激存活信号，主要是PI 3-K/Akt途径，但也有其他途径，拯救细胞免于凋亡。研究暗示PDGF参与树突棘形态，对发育中的大脑的记忆至关重要。最近的研究表明PDGF基因与神经精神疾病相关。在这篇综述中，我们将描述PDGF在神经系统中的作用，从发现到最近的发现，以了解PDGF在神经系统中的广谱性。最新发展的药理学和替代疗法靶向PDGF系统进行了讨论。
The four platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) ligands and PDGF receptors (PDGFRs), α and β (PDGFRA, PDGFRB), are essential proteins that are expressed during embryonic and mature nervous systems, i.e., in neural progenitors, neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and vascular cells. PDGF exerts essential roles from the gastrulation period to adult neuronal maintenance by contributing to the regulation of development of preplacodal progenitors, placodal ectoderm, and neural crest cells to adult neural progenitors, in coordinating with other factors. In adulthood, PDGF plays critical roles for maintenance of many specific cell types in the nervous system together with vascular cells through controlling the blood brain barrier homeostasis. At injury or various stresses, PDGF modulates neuronal excitability through adjusting various ion channels, and affecting synaptic plasticity and function. Furthermore, PDGF stimulates survival signals, majorly PI3-K/Akt pathway but also other ways, rescuing cells from apoptosis. Studies imply an involvement of PDGF in dendrite spine morphology, being critical for memory in the developing brain. Recent studies suggest association of PDGF genes with neuropsychiatric disorders. In this review, we will describe the roles of PDGF in the nervous system, from the discovery to recent findings, in order to understand the broad spectrum of PDGF in the nervous system. Recent development of pharmacological and replacement therapies targeting the PDGF system is discussed.
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