Ecological indicators to capture the effects of fishing on biodiversity and conservation status of marine ecosystems
Ecological indicators to capture the effects of fishing on biodiversity and conservation status of marine ecosystems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.08.048
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Shin, Y. -J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coll, M.;Shannon, L. J.;Shin, Y. -J.
IndiSeas（“海洋指标”）是一个国际合作工作组，成立于2005年，目的是利用比较框架中的一套指标来评估被开发的海洋生态系统的状况。初步选定了7个生态指标清单，利用若干标准（即生态意义、对捕鱼的敏感性、数据的可得性、管理目标和公众意识）量化捕鱼对更广泛生态系统的影响。该集合包括：(i)被调查物种总生物量变异逆系数，（ii）被调查群落的平均鱼长，（iii）被调查鱼类的平均最长寿命，（iv）被调查群落中掠食性鱼类的比例，(v)欠开发和中等开发种群的比例，（vi）被调查物种的总生物量，以及（vii）被捕获鱼类的平均营养水平。根据《生物多样性公约名古屋战略计划（2011-2020年）》，我们扩展了该套件，以强调已开发海洋生态系统中更广泛的生物多样性和保护风险。我们从最初基于生态意义建立的基于经验的候选生物多样性指标列表中选择了一个指标子集，以补充原始的IndiSeas指标。附加选择的指标有：（viii）上岸渔获量的平均内在脆弱性指数，（ix）被调查群落中未下降的被开发物种比例，(x)基于渔获量的海洋营养指数，以及（xi）被调查群落的平均营养水平。尽管某些生态系统缺乏数据，我们还选择（xii）模拟群落的平均营养水平和（xiii）渔业中丢弃物的比例作为额外指标。这些附加指标与IndiSeas的初始生态指标一起进行了检验，以评估增加新的生物多样性指标是否提供了有用的附加信息，以完善我们对29个被开发海洋生态系统状况评估的理解。我们使用了状态和趋势分析，并进行了相关、冗余和多变量测试。基于生态系统的渔业管理的现有发展主要集中在被开发的物种上。我们的研究主要使用了与渔业无关的基于调查的指标，强调了生物多样性和基于保护的指标与捕捞压力的生态指标是互补的。因此，它们应该用来提供更多的资料，以评价捕鱼对已开发的海洋生态系统的全面影响。(C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
IndiSeas ("Indicators for the Seas") is a collaborative international working group that was established in 2005 to evaluate the status of exploited marine ecosystems using a suite of indicators in a comparative framework. An initial shortlist of seven ecological indicators was selected to quantify the effects of fishing on the broader ecosystem using several criteria (i.e., ecological meaning, sensitivity to fishing, data availability, management objectives and public awareness). The suite comprised: (i) the inverse coefficient of variation of total biomass of surveyed species, (ii) mean fish length in the surveyed community, (iii) mean maximum life span of surveyed fish species, (iv) proportion of predatory fish in the surveyed community, (v) proportion of under and moderately exploited stocks, (vi) total biomass of surveyed species, and (vii) mean trophic level of the landed catch. In line with the Nagoya Strategic Plan of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2011-2020), we extended this suite to emphasize the broader biodiversity and conservation risks in exploited marine ecosystems. We selected a subset of indicators from a list of empirically based candidate biodiversity indicators initially established based on ecological significance to complement the original IndiSeas indicators. The additional selected indicators were: (viii) mean intrinsic vulnerability index of the fish landed catch, (ix) proportion of non-declining exploited species in the surveyed community, (x) catch-based marine trophic index, and (xi) mean trophic level of the surveyed community. Despite the lack of data in some ecosystems, we also selected (xii) mean trophic level of the modelled community, and (xiii) proportion of discards in the fishery as extra indicators. These additional indicators were examined, along with the initial set of IndiSeas ecological indicators, to evaluate whether adding new biodiversity indicators provided useful additional information to refine our understanding of the status evaluation of 29 exploited marine ecosystems. We used state and trend analyses, and we performed correlation, redundancy and multivariate tests. Existing developments in ecosystem-based fisheries management have largely focused on exploited species. Our study, using mostly fisheries independent survey-based indicators, highlights that biodiversity and conservation-based indicators are complementary to ecological indicators of fishing pressure. Thus, they should be used to provide additional information to evaluate the overall impact of fishing on exploited marine ecosystems. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.