The Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) in Zimbabwe: an appraisal of prospects and challenges
The Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) in Zimbabwe: an appraisal of prospects and challenges
复制标题
津巴布韦采掘业透明度倡议 (EITI)：前景与挑战评估
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Tumai Murombo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tumai Murombo
本文讨论了津巴布韦采用《采掘业透明度倡议》的前景。它评估先决条件-国家的法律的和体制准备-同时考虑到采掘业透明度倡议的好处。由于法律的框架薄弱和过时，不足以促进透明度和问责制，津巴布韦一直在努力使其矿产资源的利益最大化。有人认为，采取诸如采掘业透明度倡议之类的举措可能是确保该国从其资源中受益的第一步。这些挑战不太可能由EITI本身解决。目前的政治、经济和法律的环境并不理想，因为制度上的弱点和全球政治压力，如聪明的制裁，使加入EITI在法律上合理，但在政治上是不明智的。强有力的宪法传统、有效的执法、政府与民间社会之间的支持性关系（公民参与），以及《采掘业透明度行动计划》标准要素中的监管，都可以产生积极的影响。
This paper discusses the prospects of Zimbabwe adopting the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI). It evaluates the preconditions – the country’s legal and institutional readiness – while engaging with the benefits of the EITI. Zimbabwe has struggled to maximise the benefits from its mineral resources due to a weak and outdated legal framework that does not sufficiently promote transparency and accountability. It is posited that adopting initiatives like the EITI may be a first step towards ensuring the country benefits from its resources. These challenges are unlikely to be cured by the EITI per se. The current political, economic and legal environment is not ideal given the institutional weaknesses and global political pressures, such as smart sanctions, that make joining the EITI legally sound but politically imprudent. Strong constitutional traditions, effective law enforcement, supportive relationships between government and civil society (civic engagement), and regulation embedded in elements of the EITI standard could have a positive impact.