Psychiatric genetic testing: Attitudes and intentions among future users and providers
Psychiatric genetic testing: Attitudes and intentions among future users and providers
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DOI：
10.1002/ajmg.b.30609
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发表时间：
2008-04-05
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Mors, Ole
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laegsgaard, Mett Marri;Mors, Ole
精神病学基因研究最终可能使精神病学基因测试成为可能。虽然所有的遗传知识都有一定的特点，会引发伦理、法律和社会问题，但精神遗传学知识会增加更多的争议问题。伦理原则已被提出作为这一领域的指导，但人们也认识到，基因检测的最佳利用取决于对潜在消费者态度的了解。为了为公众对精神疾病和遗传学的辩论以及未来精神病学基因测试和咨询的开展提供信息，我们调查了397名被诊断为精神疾病的患者、164名他们的亲属和100名医学和心理学专业的学生对精神基因测试的态度。结果显示，人们普遍对自我和儿童的精神基因测试感兴趣，但对产前测试的支持较少。精神和躯体基因测试吸引了同样多的人接受。对获得精神病学基因测试和信息的普遍态度显示出对自主和隐私的生物伦理原则的实质性支持。然而，描述更具体情况的问题揭示了矛盾，反映了该领域公认的生物伦理困境，以及具有不同遗传学知识水平、不同精神疾病经历以及不同动机和精神遗传学偏见的群体之间的态度差异。未来精神病学基因检测和咨询的可能使用者和提供者之间的矛盾和态度差异表明了与精神病学遗传学相关的矛盾心理、不安全感和被认为缺乏知识。这些结果应该会为进一步的研究和未来精神病学遗传学与实践的整合提供信息。(C)2007年Wiley-Liss，Inc.
Psychiatric genetic research may eventually render possible psychiatric genetic testing. Whereas all genetic knowledge has certain characteristics raising ethical, legal, and social issues, psychiatric genetic knowledge adds more controversial issues. Ethical principles have been proposed as a guide in this field, but the optimal utilization of genetic testing has also been recognized to depend on knowledge of the potential consumers' attitudes. To provide knowledge to inform the public debate on mental illness and genetics, and the future conducting of psychiatric genetic testing and counseling, we surveyed attitudes toward psychiatric genetic testing among 397 patients with a psychiatric diagnosis, 164 of their relatives and 100 medical and psychology students. The results showed widespread interest in psychiatric genetic testing of self and child, but less support for prenatal testing. Psychiatric and somatic genetic testing attracted the same amounts of accept. General attitudes toward access to psychiatric genetic testing and information revealed substantial support for bioethical principles of autonomy and privacy. However, questions describing more specific situations revealed contradictions mirroring the bioethical dilemmas recognized in the field and variations in attitudes between groups with different levels of knowledge of genetics, different kinds of experience with mental illness, and different motives and preconceptions regarding psychiatric genetics. The contradictions and differences in attitudes among possible future users and providers of psychiatric genetic testing and counseling indicate ambivalence, insecurity, and perceived lack of knowledge in relation to psychiatric genetics. These results should inform further research and the future integration of psychiatric genetics into practice. (C) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.