Repurposing the translation apparatus for synthetic biology.

Repurposing the translation apparatus for synthetic biology.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.06.008
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发表时间:
2015-10
影响因子:
7.8
通讯作者:
Jewett, Michael C.
Jewett, Michael C.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Des Soye, Benjamin J.;Patel, Jaymin R.;Isaacs, Farren J.;Jewett, Michael C.

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翻译系统(核糖体和相关因子)是细胞合成蛋白质的工厂。蛋白质合成机制的非凡催化能力推动了广泛的努力,以利用它的新功能。例如,开创性的努力已经证明,有可能对20多种天然氨基酸进行遗传编码,并且这种编码可以成为扩大蛋白质化学多样性的有力工具。在这里,我们讨论了最近的进展,努力扩大生命系统的化学,突出改进的分子机械和基因组重新编码的生物体,无细胞系统的应用,并扩展这些努力,包括真核系统。重新利用翻译装置的变革潜力已经成为化学和合成生物学界面的决定性机会之一。
The translation system (the ribosome and associated factors) is the cell's factory for protein synthesis. The extraordinary catalytic capacity of the protein synthesis machinery has driven extensive efforts to harness it for novel functions. For example, pioneering efforts have demonstrated that it is possible to genetically encode more than the 20 natural amino acids and that this encoding can be a powerful tool to expand the chemical diversity of proteins. Here, we discuss recent advances in efforts to expand the chemistry of living systems, highlighting improvements to the molecular machinery and genomically recoded organisms, applications of cell-free systems, and extensions of these efforts to include eukaryotic systems. The transformative potential of repurposing the translation apparatus has emerged as one of the defining opportunities at the interface of chemical and synthetic biology.
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