Breeding of the Seychelles Magpie Robin Copsychus sechellarum and implications for its conservation
Breeding of the Seychelles Magpie Robin Copsychus sechellarum and implications for its conservation
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1474-919x.1996.tb08069.x
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发表时间：
2008-06
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
J. Komdeur
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Komdeur
塞舌尔喜鹊的总数量从1977-1978年12-13个地区的38-41只下降到1988-1990年的8-9个地区的17-21只，完全限制在塞舌尔的弗雷盖特岛(210公顷)。在1981-1982年成功地执行了一项根除猫科动物的计划后，招募情况有所改善，尽管放弃农业导致捕食栖息地的数量减少，从而降低了该岛的承载能力，但由于未能通过招募来补偿每年的成体死亡，喜鹊知更鸟在高质量地区的觅食活动更大(以可获得的土壤无脊椎动物衡量)，导致繁殖成功率增加，通过补充喂养，产生的新兵数量是原来的5倍，在11.5名潜在的年度繁殖新兵中，需要5.3人来补偿成虫死亡，而其他6.2只的新兵则可以看作是增加的“盈余”，喜鹊更喜欢在腐烂的树上繁殖，这是一种稀缺的资源，筑巢地点和取食区之间的距离越大，孵化和守巢所用的时间就越少，导致更大的卵损失。由于缺乏合适的区域来建立领地，许多年幼的鹊知更鸟变成了“漂浮者”。这些飞蚊和引进的印度斑潜蝇对巢的干扰都对知更鸟的繁殖成功产生了不利影响。为了拯救喜鹊知更鸟，已经设计了一个恢复计划。通过提供巢箱和减少对巢的干扰，已经改善了领土的喂养(通过植树)和繁殖(通过提供巢箱和减少对巢的干扰)。鉴于一个小岛的脆弱性、过剩鸟类的存在(主要靠补充食物维持)以及邻近的阿里德岛(68公顷)的适宜性，1992年和1994年成功地将鸟类转移到该岛。考虑到目前在两个岛屿上有47只个体，人们希望该物种将从灭绝的边缘撤退。
The total population of the Seychelles Magpie Robin Copsychus sechellarum declined from 38-41 birds in 12-13 territories in 1977-1978 to 17-21 birds in eight to nine territories in 1988-1990 and was entirely confined to Fregate Island (210 ha) in the Seychelles. After a successful cat eradication program in 1981-1982, recruitment improved, although the abandonment of agriculture had caused a reduction in the amount of feeding habitat and hence in the carrying capacity of the island, The population declined because of the failure of recruitment to compensate for the annual adult mortality, Foraging activity of the Magpie Robin was greater in high-quality territories (measured by soil invertebrates available), leading to increased reproductive success, Through supplementary feeding, five times as many recruits were produced, Of the 11.5 potential annual breeding recruits, 5.3 are required to compensate for adult mortality, and the other 6.2 recruits can be regarded as ''surplus'' contributing to an increase, Magpie Robins prefer to breed in rotten trees, which are a scarce resource, The greater the distance between the nest site and feeding areas, the less time was spent in incubation and nest guarding, resulting in greater egg loss. Because of lack of suitable areas for establishing territories, many young Magpie Robins became ''floaters''. Nest disturbance, both by these floaters and by the introduced Indian Mynah Acridotheres tristis, had adverse effects on the breeding success of robins. A recovery plan has been designed to save the Magpie Robin. Territories have been improved for feeding (by tree planting) and for breeding (by providing nestboxes and reducing nest disturbances). Given the vulnerability of one small island, the presence of surplus birds (supported mainly by supplementary food) and the suitability of neighbouring Aride Island (68 ha), successful translocations to this island took place in 1992 and 1994. Given the presence now of 47 individuals on two islands, it is hoped that the species will pull back from the brink of extinction.