Short-term Detection of Imidacloprid in Streams after Applications in Forests.
Short-term Detection of Imidacloprid in Streams after Applications in Forests.
复制标题
森林施用后溪流中吡虫啉的短期检测。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
P. Lambdin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Wiggins;E. Benton;J. Grant;Marie Kerr;P. Lambdin
吡虫啉是一种新烟碱类杀虫剂，是铁杉(HWA)[(Annand)]管理项目的主要组成部分，这些项目对保护美国东部的森林健康至关重要。然而，在森林中使用吡虫啉土壤对一些水生大型无脊椎动物物种淋溶到水生系统的影响尚不确定。吡虫啉土壤应用的残留物从处理过的铁杉迁移到附近溪流的时间以及吡虫啉在最初迁移后可能出现的浓度尚不清楚。在大南福克国家河流和游乐区，对最近处理过的铁杉附近的三条溪流中吡虫啉的存在和浓度进行了评估。在为期一年的时间里，从吡虫啉处理区下游的一个地点每月收集两次标准取水。样品用液相色谱质谱联用分析(检出限=0.025μg L)。在处理后第184~196d的一次降雨期间，所有处理溪流中均检测到吡虫啉，浓度范围为0.053~0.833μg L，在处理溪流的任何其他采样日期均未检测到吡虫啉。所有观察到的阳性检测都超过了美国环保局规定的淡水无脊椎动物慢性终点(0.01μg L)。有一个水样超过了美国环保局淡水无脊椎动物急性终点(0.39μg L)。然而，以前在类似浓度的溪流中进行的大型无脊椎动物群落评估并没有表明对水生动物的负面影响。这些发现有助于表征吡虫啉处理在土壤应用后1年内流向大型无脊椎动物的风险。
Imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide, is a major component of hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA) [ (Annand)] management programs that are critical to protecting forest health in the eastern United States. However, the impact of imidacloprid soil applications in forests on some aquatic macroinvertebrate species by leaching into aquatic systems is uncertain. The time for residues from imidacloprid soil applications to migrate from treated hemlocks to nearby streams and the concentrations at which imidacloprid may occur after initial migration is unknown. The presence and concentration of imidacloprid in three streams adjacent to recently treated hemlock (soil drench >10 m from stream channels) were assessed in the Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area. Two standard water grabs were collected monthly for 1 yr from a location downstream from imidacloprid-treated areas. Samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (limit of detection = 0.025 μg L). Imidacloprid was detected in all treatment streams during a single rain event that occurred 184 to 196 d after treatments, and concentrations ranged from 0.053 to 0.833 μg L. Imidacloprid was not detected on any other sampling date from treatment streams. All observed positive detections exceeded the USEPA freshwater invertebrate chronic endpoint (0.01 μg L). One stream sample exceeded the USEPA freshwater invertebrate acute endpoint (0.39 μg L). However, previous macroinvertebrate community assessments in streams with similar concentrations did not indicate negative effects to aquatic fauna. These findings help characterize the risk of imidacloprid treatments to stream macroinvertebrates within 1 yr of soil applications.