Variation and evolution of toxin gene expression patterns of six closely related venomous marine snails
Variation and evolution of toxin gene expression patterns of six closely related venomous marine snails
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.03804.x
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Remigio, E. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duda, T. F., Jr.;Remigio, E. A.
芋螺属食肉海洋腹足类的毒液显示出惊人的种间多样性水平，并由肽神经毒素的鸡尾酒组成，称为芋螺毒素，由大基因家族编码。芋螺毒素基因家族进化的特点是基因重复和高比率的旁系同源物之间的非同义替换，然而，是什么控制物种之间的毒液分化尚不清楚。我们比较了四个环芋螺毒素成绩单密切相关的芋螺物种，研究芋螺毒素的表达模式之间的物种。研究的物种似乎表达不同数量的四环芋螺毒素基因座和表达模式的相似性似乎并不符合系统发育的亲和力。此外，几个位点似乎已经独立沉默，而其他人似乎已经从以前沉默的状态恢复。一些基因座也表现出协调的表达模式。这些结果表明，芋螺毒素的表达模式的演变是令人难以置信的动态和芋螺毒液的分化是由独特的芋螺毒素表达模式的演变部分控制。
Venoms of predatory marine gastropods of the genus Conus show amazing levels of interspecific diversity and are comprised of a cocktail of peptide neurotoxins, termed conotoxins, that are encoded by large gene families. Conotoxin gene family evolution is characterized by gene duplications and high rates of nonsynonymous substitution among paralogues; yet, what controls the differentiation of venoms among species is not clear. We compared four-loop conotoxin transcripts of six closely related Conus species to examine conotoxin expression patterns among species. The species examined appear to express different numbers of four-loop conotoxin loci and similarity in expression patterns does not seem to correspond with phylogenetic affinity. Moreover, several loci appear to have been independently silenced while others appear to have been revived from previously silenced states. Some loci also appear to exhibit coordinated expression patterns. These results suggest that the evolution of conotoxin expression patterns is incredibly dynamic and the differentiation of venoms of Conus is controlled in part by the evolution of unique conotoxin expression patterns.