Climate change and agriculture in South Asia: adaptation options in smallholder production systems
Climate change and agriculture in South Asia: adaptation options in smallholder production systems
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DOI：
10.1007/s10668-019-00414-4
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发表时间：
2020-08-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Jat, M. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aryal, Jeetendra Prakash;Sapkota, Tek B.;Jat, M. L.
南亚的农业容易受到气候变化的影响。因此，需要采取适应措施来维持农业生产力，减少脆弱性，并增强农业系统对气候变化的适应能力。为了最大限度地减少气候变化的影响，已经提出并测试了生产系统中的许多适应做法。一些社会经济和政治体制有助于适应，而其他体制则可能抑制适应。本文件系统地回顾了气候变化对作物生产的影响，以及农业部门可用于适应气候变化的主要选择。其中一个重要结论是，已经有了有助于农业适应气候变化的农业做法，而实施和传播这些技术解决方案的体制结构还有待加强。因此，重要的是研究如何带来所需的体制变革，创造资金投资于这些变革，并为农业长期适应气候变化设计动态政策，而不是仅仅关注农业技术。这是南亚气候政策需要重新考虑的领域之一，以避免长期可能出现的适应不良。
Agriculture in South Asia is vulnerable to climate change. Therefore, adaptation measures are required to sustain agricultural productivity, to reduce vulnerability, and to enhance the resilience of the agricultural system to climate change. There are many adaptation practices in the production systems that have been proposed and tested for minimizing the effects of climate change. Some socioeconomic and political setup contributes to adaptation, while others may inhibit it. This paper presents a systematic review of the impacts of climate change on crop production and also the major options in the agricultural sector that are available for adaptation to climate change. One of the key conclusions is that agricultural practices that help climate change adaptation in agriculture are available, while the institutional setup to implement and disseminate those technical solutions is yet to be strengthened. Thus, it is important to examine how to bring the required institutional change, generate fund to invest on these changes, and design dynamic policies for long-term climate change adaptation in agriculture rather than a mere focus on agricultural technology. This is one of the areas where South Asian climate policies require reconsidering to avoid possible maladaptation in the long run.