The persistent southern disadvantage in US early life mortality, 1965-2014
The persistent southern disadvantage in US early life mortality, 1965-2014
复制标题
DOI：
10.4054/demres.2020.42.11
复制
发表时间：
2020-02-25
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Hummer, Robert A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dollar, Nathan T.;Gutin, Iliya;Hummer, Robert A.
最近对美国成年人死亡率的研究表明，南方各州的劣势越来越大。很少有研究探讨了长期的趋势和地理模式，在美国早期生命（年龄1至24）死亡率，年龄的关键危险因素和死亡原因是相当不同的比adultes.PROTETIVE本文探讨了美国各州和人口普查司的早期生命死亡率的趋势和变化。我们评估这些变化是否已经改变了50年的时间段，死亡的原因有助于当代的地理差异。METHODSWe计算全因和特定原因的死亡率使用死亡证明数据从多死因文件，结合公共使用的文件从1965年至2004年和限制性数据与国家地理标识符从2005年至2014年。各州人口（分母）数据来自美国十年一次的人口普查或两次人口普查之间的估计。调查结果表明，在过去50年里，居住在南部各州的年轻人（1至24岁）的死亡率一直处于不利地位，特别是那些位于东南中部和西南中部的地区。机动车事故和杀人枪支占大多数当代南方的劣势，在美国早期生命mortality.CONTRIBUTIONOur结果表明，美国儿童和青年生活在美国南部长期遭受较高水平的死亡率比儿童和青年生活在其他地区的国家。我们的研究结果还表明，当代南方在美国早期生命死亡率方面的劣势可能会随着旨在防止涉及机动车和枪支的死亡的州一级政策而减少。
BACKGROUNDRecent studies of US adult mortality demonstrate a growing disadvantage among southern states. Few studies have examined long-term trends and geographic patterns in US early life (ages 1 to 24) mortality, ages at which key risk factors and causes of death are quite different than among adults.OBJECTIVEThis article examines trends and variations in early life mortality rates across US states and census divisions. We assess whether those variations have changed over a 50-year time period and which causes of death contribute to contemporary geographic disparities.METHODSWe calculate all-cause and cause-specific death rates using death certificate data from the Multiple Cause of Death files, combining public-use files from 1965-2004 and restricted data with state geographic identifiers from 2005-2014. State population (denominator) data come from US decennial censuses or intercensal estimates.RESULTSResults demonstrate a persistent mortality disadvantage for young people (ages 1 to 24) living in southern states over the last 50 years, particularly those located in the East South Central and West South Central divisions. Motor vehicle accidents and homicide by firearm account for most of the contemporary southern disadvantage in US early life mortality.CONTRIBUTIONOur results illustrate that US children and youth living in the southern United States have long suffered from higher levels of mortality than children and youth living in other parts of the country. Our findings also suggest the contemporary southern disadvantage in US early life mortality could potentially be reduced with state-level policies designed to prevent deaths involving motor vehicles and firearms.