Derivation of non-local macroscopic traffic equations and consistent traffic pressures from microscopic car-following models
Derivation of non-local macroscopic traffic equations and consistent traffic pressures from microscopic car-following models
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DOI：
10.1140/epjb/e2009-00192-5
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发表时间：
2008-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Helbing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Helbing
这一贡献比较了几种不同的方法，允许人们直接从微观的跟车模型推导出宏观交通方程。虽然一些传统的方法会导致理论问题，但建议使用一种使人想起光滑质点流体力学的方法来避免梯度膨胀。这种推导绕过了近似，从而证明了宏观交通方程的大范围有效性，而不需要对许多车辆进行平均。它还给出了“交通压力”的表达式，它推广了以前使用的公式。此外，该方法避免了过去被Daganzo等人批评的宏观交通模型的理论不一致。
This contribution compares several different approaches allowing one to derive macroscopic traffic equation directly from microscopic car-following models. While it is shown that some conventional approaches lead to theoretical problems, it is proposed to use an approach reminding of smoothed particle hydrodynamics to avoid gradient expansions. The derivation circumvents approximations and, therefore, demonstrates the large range of validity of macroscopic traffic equations, without the need of averaging over many vehicles. It also gives an expression for the “traffic pressure”, which generalizes previously used formulas. Furthermore, the method avoids theoretical inconsistencies of macroscopic traffic models, which have been criticized in the past by Daganzo and others.