Cracking the bioelectric code: Probing endogenous ionic controls of pattern formation.
Cracking the bioelectric code: Probing endogenous ionic controls of pattern formation.
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DOI：
10.4161/cib.22595
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Levin, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tseng, Aisun;Levin, Michael
现已知，活组织中不可兴奋细胞中的静息电位模式是胚胎发生、再生和癌症抑制过程中模式形成的有益信号。分子水平上追踪离子流动和控制离子通道和泵的活性的技术的发展已经开始揭示电压梯度调节细胞行为和复杂大规模结构组装的机制。最近的一篇论文表明，在青蛙胚胎中，划分眼野需要一个特定的电压范围。值得注意的是，人为地将其他体细胞设置在眼睛特有的电压范围内，会导致在异常位置形成眼睛，包括不属于正常前外胚层血统的组织：眼睛可以在肠道、尾部或侧板中胚层形成。这些数据挑战了现有的眼睛命运限制和组织能力图模型，并表明存在生物电码-生理特性与解剖结果的映射。本附录总结了发育生物电的知识现状，提出了三种可能的生物电码解释，从功能上将生理状态映射到解剖结果，并强调了该领域最大的开放问题。我们还在认知科学和发育生物学的交叉点提出了一个推测假说：缝隙连接连接的不可兴奋细胞之间的生物电信号模拟了神经网络样的动力学，并奠定了体内复杂模式形成所需的信息处理功能。理解和学习控制存储在生理网络中的信息将对发育生物学、再生医学和合成生物工程产生革命性的影响。
Patterns of resting potential in non-excitable cells of living tissue are now known to be instructive signals for pattern formation during embryogenesis, regeneration and cancer suppression. The development of molecular-level techniques for tracking ion flows and functionally manipulating the activity of ion channels and pumps has begun to reveal the mechanisms by which voltage gradients regulate cell behaviors and the assembly of complex large-scale structures. A recent paper demonstrated that a specific voltage range is necessary for demarcation of eye fields in the frog embryo. Remarkably, artificially setting other somatic cells to the eye-specific voltage range resulted in formation of eyes in aberrant locations, including tissues that are not in the normal anterior ectoderm lineage: eyes could be formed in the gut, on the tail, or in the lateral plate mesoderm. These data challenge the existing models of eye fate restriction and tissue competence maps, and suggest the presence of a bioelectric code-a mapping of physiological properties to anatomical outcomes. This Addendum summarizes the current state of knowledge in developmental bioelectricity, proposes three possible interpretations of the bioelectric code that functionally maps physiological states to anatomical outcomes, and highlights the biggest open questions in this field. We also suggest a speculative hypothesis at the intersection of cognitive science and developmental biology: that bioelectrical signaling among non-excitable cells coupled by gap junctions simulates neural network-like dynamics, and underlies the information processing functions required by complex pattern formation in vivo. Understanding and learning to control the information stored in physiological networks will have transformative implications for developmental biology, regenerative medicine and synthetic bioengineering.