Association of groundwater constituents with topography and distance to unconventional gas wells in NE Pennsylvania.
Association of groundwater constituents with topography and distance to unconventional gas wells in NE Pennsylvania.
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宾夕法尼亚州东北部地下水成分与地形和距非常规气井距离的关联。
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.160
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chillrud,StevenN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yan,Beizhan;Stute,Martin;PanettieriJr,ReynoldA;Ross,James;Mailloux,Brian;Neidell,MatthewJ;Soares,Lissa;Howarth,Marilyn;Liu,Xinhua;Saberi,Pouné;Chillrud,StevenN
最近，我们报道了某些疾病与非常规天然气开发（UGD）的关联。本研究的目的是检查UGD的可能对宾夕法尼亚州东北部地下水水质的影响。在这项研究中，我们比较了我们的地下水数据（哥伦比亚58个样本）与卡伯特（1701个样本）和杜克大学（150个样本）的已发表数据。对于每个数据集，在四个组中比较了溶解组分水平升高的样品比例，这四个组被确定为高地远（即距离最近的UGD气井≥ 1 km）、高地近（< 1 km）、山谷远（≥ 1 km）和山谷近（< 1 km）组。哥伦比亚数据未显示4组之间的统计学显著性差异，可能是由于样本数量有限。在杜克样本中，Ca和CI水平在谷近组中显著高于谷远组。在Cabot数据集中，甲烷，钠，锰水平显着高于山谷远样品比高地远样品。在山谷样品中，Ca、Cl、SO4和Fe在近组（即< 1 km）中显著高于远组。首次使用大型工业数据集观察到山谷地下水中这些成分与距离的关联。增加可能是由于浅，深的地下水在山谷中，可能是由UGD过程触发的混合增强。如果这些变化持续下去，则表明有可能对地下水质量产生进一步影响。因此，迫切需要进行更多的研究，以调查UGD对水质和可能的健康后果的影响。
Recently we reported an association of certain diseases with unconventional gas development (UGD). The purpose of this study is to examine UGD's possible impacts on groundwater quality in northeastern Pennsylvania. In this study, we compared our groundwater data (Columbia 58 samples) with those published data from Cabot (1701 samples) and Duke University (150 samples). For each dataset, proportions of samples with elevated levels of dissolved constituents were compared among four groups, identified as upland far (i.e. ≥ 1 km to the nearest UGD gas well), upland near (< 1 km), valley far (≥ 1 km), and valley near (< 1 km) groups. The Columbia data do not show statistically significant differences among the 4 groups, probably due to the limited number of samples. In Duke samples, Ca and CI levels are significantly higher in the valley near group than in the valley far group. In the Cabot dataset, methane, Na, and Mn levels are significantly higher in valley far samples than in upland far samples. In valley samples, Ca, Cl, SO4, and Fe are significantly higher in the near group (i.e. < 1 km) than in the far group. The association of these constituents in valley groundwater with distance is observed for the first time using a large industry dataset. The increase may be caused by enhanced mixing of shallow and deep groundwater in valley, possibly triggered by UGD process. If persistent, these changes indicate potential for further impact on groundwater quality. Therefore, there is an urgent need to conduct more studies to investigate effects of UGD on water quality and possible health outcomes.