Some general aspects of the distribution and epidemiology of bovine trypanosomosis in southern Africa
Some general aspects of the distribution and epidemiology of bovine trypanosomosis in southern Africa
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DOI：
10.1016/s0020-7519(01)00146-1
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Van den Bossche, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Van den Bossche, P
牛锥虫病发生在非洲南部的广大地区。其流行病学和对牛生产的影响主要取决于采采蝇和牛之间的相互作用水平。可以区分四种情况。第一，没有牛的地方。第二，牛已经被引入狩猎区，但那里的猎物仍然丰富，构成了采采蝇的主要食物来源。第三，往往由于人为干扰，狩猎动物密度低，牛是主要食物来源的地区，最后，牛出现在采采蝇出没区边缘的地区。在南部非洲，该病对牛生产的影响因流行病学情况而异。该疾病具有流行性，对最近引进牛的地区或沿着有舌蝇出没的游戏区和无舌蝇的耕作区之间的交界处的生产具有重大影响。牛锥虫病具有地方性特征，在采采蝇主要以牛为食和采采蝇入侵率较低的地区，对生产影响不大。控制牛锥虫病的选择将根据流行病学情况而有所不同。特别是，只有在大面积从牛身上获取大比例的饲料，并且可以充分减少采采蝇的入侵时，用经除草剂处理的牛控制采采蝇才有效。(C)2001年澳大利亚寄生虫学会由爱思唯尔科技有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Bovine trypanosomosis occurs in vast areas of southern Africa. Its epidemiology and impact on cattle production is determined largely by the level of interaction between tsetse and cattle. Four situations can be distinguished. First, areas where cattle an absent. Second, zones where cattle have been introduced in game areas but where game is still abundant and constitutes the major source of food for tsetse. Third, areas where, often because of human interference, the density of game animals is low and cattle constitute the main source of food and finally, areas where cattle occur at the edge of tsetse-infested zones. In southern Africa, the impact of the disease on cattle production varies according to the epidemiological circumstances. The disease has an epidemic character with significant impacts on production in areas where cattle have been introduced recently or along the interface between tsetse-infested game areas and tsetse-free cultivated areas. Bovine trypanosomosis has an endemic character, with little impact on production, in areas where tsetse mainly feed on cattle and where the invasion of tsetse is low. Options for the control of bovine trypanosomosis will vary according to the epidemiological circumstance. In particular, the control of tsetse with insecticide-treated cattle will only be effective when a large proportion of feeds are taken from cattle over a large area and when the invasion of tsetse can be reduced sufficiently. (C) 2001 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.