Taxi drivers' exceptional memory of street names
Taxi drivers' exceptional memory of street names
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03200464
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Saariluoma, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalakoski, V;Saariluoma, P
在本文中，我们探讨了出租车司机的街道名称序列回忆的性质。主要的问题是言语材料的记忆是否受益于使用视觉空间联想和大规模环境知识的可能性。在两个实验中，专业出租车司机对街道名称的回忆比对照组的要好上级。在实验1中，当街道名称反映了视觉空间连续的路线时，专家的记忆优势比当街道名称位于沿着直线穿过地图而没有空间连续性或以随机顺序呈现时更大。在实验2中，专家出租车司机回忆空间连续组织的列表比他们回忆的街道名称属于相同的语义类别或按字母顺序排列的列表更好。这一结果也表明，与其他记忆方法相比，基于空间共现的主题联想是有效的。
In this paper, we explore the nature of taxi drivers' serial recall of street names. The main question is whether the memory of verbal material benefits from the possibility of using visuospatial associations and knowledge concerning large-scale environment. In two experiments, expert taxi drivers,' recall of street names was superior to that of control groups. In Experiment 1, experts' superiority of memory was greater when the street names reflected a visuospatially continuous route than when the street names were located along a straight line across the map without spatial continuity or were presented in random order. In Experiment 2, the expert taxi drivers recalled spatially continuously organized lists much better than they recalled lists of street names belonging to the same semantic category or lists presented in alphabetical order. This result also suggests that interitem associations, which are based on spatial co-occurrence, are efficient in comparison with other mnemonics.