Biofilm hydrophobicity in environmental isolates of Bacillus subtilis.
Biofilm hydrophobicity in environmental isolates of Bacillus subtilis.
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DOI：
10.1099/mic.0.001082
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发表时间：
2021-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stanley-Wall, Nicola R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kalamara, Margarita;Abbott, James C;Stanley-Wall, Nicola R
生物膜是附着于表面并被细胞外基质包围的细菌群落。细胞外基质保护群落免受环境中的压力，使生物膜坚固。革兰氏阳性土壤细菌枯草芽孢杆菌，特别是分离物NCIB 3610，被广泛用作研究生物膜形成的模型。B。枯草杆菌NCIB 3610形成结构复杂且高度疏水的菌落生物膜。疏水性部分地与蛋白质BslA在生物膜表面的定位有关，这为群落提供了对杀生物剂的增加的抗性。正如我们对B的大部分了解一样。枯草芽孢杆菌生物膜形成来自一个分离株，尚不清楚生物膜疏水性是否是该物种广泛分布的特征。为了解决这个知识缺口，我们整理了一个B库。枯草芽孢杆菌土壤分离物，并获得其全基因组序列。我们使用我们的新分离物来检查生物膜疏水性，并发现尽管BslA由我们收集的所有分离物编码和产生，但疏水性不是B的普遍特征。枯草杆菌菌落生物膜。为了测试基质外聚合物聚γ-谷氨酸是否可以在我们的亲水性分离物中掩蔽疏水性，我们构建了缺失突变体，并发现与我们的假设相反，聚γ-谷氨酸的存在不是观察到的亲水性的原因。这项研究强调了不同菌株形成的生物膜性质的自然变化，以及使用更多样化的菌株作为物种代表的重要性。
Biofilms are communities of bacteria that are attached to a surface and surrounded by an extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix protects the community from stressors in the environment, making biofilms robust. The Gram-positive soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis, particularly the isolate NCIB 3610, is widely used as a model for studying biofilm formation. B. subtilis NCIB 3610 forms colony biofilms that are architecturally complex and highly hydrophobic. The hydrophobicity is linked, in part, to the localisation of the protein BslA at the surface of the biofilm, which provides the community with increased resistance to biocides. As most of our knowledge about B. subtilis biofilm formation comes from one isolate, it is unclear if biofilm hydrophobicity is a widely distributed feature of the species. To address this knowledge gap, we collated a library of B. subtilis soil isolates and acquired their whole genome sequences. We used our novel isolates to examine biofilm hydrophobicity and found that, although BslA is encoded and produced by all isolates in our collection, hydrophobicity is not a universal feature of B. subtilis colony biofilms. To test whether the matrix exopolymer poly gamma-glutamic acid could be masking hydrophobicity in our hydrophilic isolates, we constructed deletion mutants and found, contrary to our hypothesis, that the presence of poly gamma-glutamic acid was not the reason for the observed hydrophilicity. This study highlights the natural variation in the properties of biofilms formed by different isolates and the importance of using a more diverse range of isolates as representatives of a species.