Eco-Efficiency Assessment of Intensive Rice Production in Japan: Joint Application of Life Cycle Assessment and Data Envelopment Analysis
Eco-Efficiency Assessment of Intensive Rice Production in Japan: Joint Application of Life Cycle Assessment and Data Envelopment Analysis
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DOI：
10.3390/su11195368
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发表时间：
2019-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Kiyotaka Masuda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kiyotaka Masuda
为了促进全世界的可持续农业，重要的是要了解什么是稻米的生态效率，稻米是许多国家的主食。本研究探讨了扩大水稻种植规模是否有助于提高日本集约化水稻生产的生态效率。采用生命周期评价法（LCA）和数据包络分析法（DEA）对水稻生产的生态效率进行了综合评价。以2005-2011年的稻田规模为统计数据，采用DEA窗口分析技术，以LCA结果中的全球变暖和富营养化为输入，以权重法为输出，对2005-2011年的统计数据进行分析。结果表明，扩大稻田规模是提高日本集约化水稻生产生态效率的有效途径。提高生态效率的重要因素是实施规模经济、减少农业工作外包以及节省化肥和农药。最近取消了稻米生产调整计划，扩大了稻田规模，这也有助于提高日本稻米生产的生态效率。
To promote sustainable agriculture worldwide, it is important to understand what constitutes eco-efficiency for rice, a staple food in many countries. This study examined whether expanding the scale of rice farming contributed to the improved eco-efficiency of intensive rice production in Japan. Both life cycle assessment (LCA) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) were used to measure comprehensively the eco-efficiency of rice production. A DEA window analysis technique with two DEA inputs (global warming and eutrophication from the LCA results) and one DEA output (weight-based rice yield) was applied to the statistical data for 2005–2011 categorized by the size of rice farms. The results indicate that expanding the size of rice farms is an effective way of improving the eco-efficiency of intensive rice production in Japan. The important factors for improving eco-efficiency are the implementation of economies of scale, reduced outsourcing of farm work, and savings in chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Expansion of the size of rice farms through the recent abolition of the rice production adjustment program will also contribute to improving the eco-efficiency of Japanese rice production.