EVOLUTION OF PROTEINS OF THE CYSTATIN SUPERFAMILY
EVOLUTION OF PROTEINS OF THE CYSTATIN SUPERFAMILY
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02102453
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发表时间：
1990-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
BARRETT, AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
RAWLINGS, ND;BARRETT, AJ
我们检查了许多蛋白质的氨基酸序列，这些蛋白质被认为与鸡胱抑素有关，鸡胱抑素是一种来自鸡蛋清的蛋白质，可抑制半胱氨酸蛋白酶。根据统计分析，发现下列蛋白质属于胱抑素超家族成员：人胱抑素A、大鼠胱抑素A(α)、人胱抑素B、大鼠胱抑素B(β)、大米胱抑素、人胱抑素C、牛初乳胱抑素、人胱抑素S、人胱抑素SA、人胱抑素SN、鸡胱抑素、泡鳝胱抑素、人激肽原、牛激肽原、大鼠激肽原、大鼠T-激肽原1和2、人α2HS-糖蛋白和人富含组氨酸的糖蛋白。纤连蛋白被证明不是该超家族的成员，并且 c-Ha-ras 癌基因蛋白 p21(Val-12) 可能也不是该超家族的成员。根据半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂样片段的一个、两个或三个拷贝的存在以及二硫键的存在或不存在，可以方便地将超家族的成员分为四种类型。通过三种方法计算进化树图，并据此我们构建了一个方案来描述这些蛋白质进化中的事件顺序。我们认为，大约10亿年前，出现了含有二硫键环的前体，并且所有含有二硫键的半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂均源自此。我们沿着四个主要谱系跟踪超家族蛋白质的进化，特别关注片段重复在更复杂分子的发育中所发挥的作用。
We have examined the amino acid sequences of a number of proteins that have been suggested to be related to chicken cystatin, a protein from chicken egg white that inhibits cysteine proteinases. On the basis of statistical analysis, the following proteins were found to be members of the cystatin superfamily: human cystatin A, rat cystatin A(.alpha.), human cystatin B, rat cystatin B(.beta.), rice cystatin, human cystatin C, ox colostrum cystatin, human cystatin S, human cystatin SA, human cystatin SN, chicken cystatin, puff adder cystatin, human kininogen, ox kininogen, rat kininogen, rat T-kininogens 1 and 2, human .alpha.2HS-glycoprotein, and human histidine-rich glycoprotein. Fibronectin is shown not to be a member of this superfamily, and the c-Ha-ras oncogene protein p21(Val-12) probably is not a member also. It was convenient to divide members of the superfamily into four types on the basis of the presence of one, two, or three copies of cystatin-like segments and the presence or absence of disulfide bonds. Evolutionary dendrograms were calculated by three methods, and from these we have constructed a scheme depicting the sequence of events in the evolution of these proteins. We suggest that about 1000 million years ago a precursor containing disulfide loops appeared, and that all disulfide-containing cystatins are derived from this. We follow the evolution of the proteins of the superfamily along four main lineages, with special attention to the part that duplication of segments has played in the development of the more complex molecules.