Blood processing
Blood processing
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1751-2824.2008.00195.x
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hardwick, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hardwick, J.
从献血者身上采集的一单位全血是一种宝贵的资产。采集的血液被简单地储存起来，然后作为全血输入患者的日子已经一去不复返了。献血应该被视为一个袋子，里面装着全血的所有不同成分--红细胞、白细胞、血小板和血浆中的血浆蛋白，如凝血因子和保护性抗体。在现代输血医学中，目的是只给病人输血所需的成分。例如，如果患者只是缺乏红细胞，那么为什么要输注其他不需要的成分呢？对于缺乏这些特定成分的患者，它们可以得到更好的利用。全血可以加工成各种成分。然后，每个组件都可以在理想的存储条件(即温度和移动)下存储，以确保产品在使用时最有效。特殊的防腐液和血袋被用来延长有效期和提高产品质量。成分疗法也最大限度地利用了一次捐赠。一次捐赠的产品可以惠及多名患者。这样，既能最大限度地利用稀缺资源，又能符合合理的经济原则。本节将非常广泛地涵盖将血液加工成成分的过程。
A unit of whole blood collected from a donor is a precious asset. Gone are the days when the blood collected was simply stored, and then transfused to a patient as whole blood. A donation of blood should be seen as a bag containing all the different constituents of whole blood–red cells, white cells, platelets, and plasma with plasma proteins such as clotting factors and protective antibodies. In modern transfusion medicine the aim is to transfuse the patient with only the component required. For example, if a patient is deficient in red cells only, then why transfuse the other components that are not required? They could be better utilized for patients who lack those specific components. Whole blood may be processed into various components. Each component can then be stored under ideal storage conditions (ie temperature and movement) to ensure that the product is most effective when it is used. Special preservative solutions and blood bags are used to lengthen the expiry time and improve product quality.‘Component therapy’also maximizes the use of one donation. The products from a single donation can benefit multiple patients. In this way the best use is made of a scarce resource as well as conforming to sound economic principles. This section will cover very broadly, the processing of blood into components.