Securing a Just Space for Small-Scale Fisheries in the Blue Economy
Securing a Just Space for Small-Scale Fisheries in the Blue Economy
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DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2019.00171
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发表时间：
2019-04-18
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ratner, Blake D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cohen, Philippa J.;Allison, Edward H.;Ratner, Blake D.
世界海岸和海洋提供的巨大发展机遇引起了各国政府、私营企业、慈善组织和国际保护组织的关注。关于海洋未来的高调对话和政策决策主要基于经济和生态研究。社会科学的重要见解引起了人们对粮食和营养安全、生计和社会正义的关注，但这些尚未引起投资者和有关海洋治理转型的政策讨论的关注。最大的海洋使用者群体——从事小规模渔业（SSF）服务、捕鱼和贸易的女性和男性——认为他们在决定海洋未来战略的国际环境和经济行为者之间的对话中被边缘化。蓝色经济或蓝色增长倡议将海洋视为新的经济前沿，并意味着与社会目标和小规模渔业问题保持一致。更深入的分析揭示了意识形态、优先事项和方法方面的根本差异。我们认为，更大规模的经济和环境保护利益正在巧妙和公开地挤压小规模渔业的地理、政治和经济空间，危及小规模渔业为数百万妇女和男性的生计提供的实质性惠益，危及全球和发展中国家约 40 亿消费者的粮食安全，危及小规模渔业作为超过 10 亿低收入消费者微量营养素和蛋白质的主要来源。在这里，我们利用社会科学和小规模渔业的见解来探讨海洋治理如何更好地考虑渔业的社会层面。
The vast developmental opportunities offered by the world's coasts and oceans have attracted the attention of governments, private enterprises, philanthropic organizations, and international conservation organizations. High-profile dialogue and policy decisions on the future of the ocean are informed largely by economic and ecological research. Key insights from the social sciences raise concerns for food and nutrition security, livelihoods and social justice, but these have yet to gain traction with investors and the policy discourse on transforming ocean governance. The largest group of ocean-users - women and men who service, fish and trade from small-scale fisheries (SSF) - argue that they have been marginalized from the dialogue between international environmental and economic actors that is determining strategies for the future of the ocean. Blue Economy or Blue Growth initiatives see the ocean as the new economic frontier and imply an alignment with social objectives and SSF concerns. Deeper analysis reveals fundamental differences in ideologies, priorities and approaches. We argue that SSF are being subtly and overtly squeezed for geographic, political and economic space by larger scale economic and environmental conservation interests, jeopardizing the substantial benefits SSF provide through the livelihoods of millions of women and men, for the food security of around four billion consumers globally, and in the developing world, as a key source of micro-nutrients and protein for over a billion low-income consumers. Here, we bring insights from social science and SSF to explore how ocean governance might better account for social dimensions of fisheries.