The Analysis of Spatial Pattern and Hotspots of Aviation Accident and Ranking the Potential Risk Airports Based on GIS Platform
The Analysis of Spatial Pattern and Hotspots of Aviation Accident and Ranking the Potential Risk Airports Based on GIS Platform
复制标题
基于GIS平台的航空事故空间格局与热点分析及潜在风险机场排名
DOI：
10.1155/2018/4027498
复制
发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Liang, Chen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Yafei;Liang, Chen
航空事故分析是保障航空安全的一项重要工作。现有的研究主要集中在对航空事故时间特征和事故原因的分析上，对航空事故空间特征的分析较少。航空事故空间特征分析可以识别航空事故热点，提高航空事故应急管理的准确性，为机场航路规划提供决策支持。以航空事故数据为基础，建立航空事故严重性指数，运用GIS空间分析方法研究航空事故的空间分布特征。在航空事故中确定了热点。最后，以佛罗里达州为例，基于RI对事故热点地区的机场进行排序，得到潜在航空风险较高的机场。结果发现，在此次佛罗里达航空事故中，通用航空事故占大多数，但针对航线飞行的航空事故严重性指数远远大于通用航空事故。从空间分布来看，严重度指数高的事故主要分布在大型国际机场周边。航空事故密度中心位于迈阿密的坦帕，一些机场连接佛罗里达的地区。就Moran's I指数而言，航空事故的分布在整个区域趋于集中。然而，航空事故严重性指数是随机分布的，每年单独。在0.01的显著性水平下，佛罗里达地区共有75个事故热点，主要集中在北部和西南部。佛罗里达地区RI高的机场主要集中在迈阿密地区和坦帕湾地区，奥兰多机场排在前10名之外。
Aviation accident analysis is an important task to ensure aviation safety. The existing researches mainly focus on the analysis of aviation accident time characteristics and accident causes and less analysis of the spatial characteristics of aviation accidents. The spatial characteristics analysis of aviation accidents can identify hot spots of aviation accidents, improve the accuracy of aviation accident emergency management, and provide decision support for airport route planning. This study established the severity index of aviation accident based on aviation accident data, using GIS spatial analysis methods to study the spatial distribution characteristics of aviation accidents. The hot spots were identified in the aviation accidents. Finally, airports around the accident hot spots were ranked to obtain the airports with high potential aviation risks based on RI, taking Florida as an example. It was found that in the Florida aviation accident, general aviation accidents accounted for the majority, but the aviation accident severity index for air route flight was far greater than general aviation accidents. From the spatial distribution point of view, accidents with high severity index were distributed around large international airports. The Density Center for Aviation Accidents was located in Tampa, Miami, and some airports link areas in Florida. In terms of the Moran’s I index, the distribution of aviation accidents tended to aggregate in the region as a whole. However, aviation accident severity index was randomly distributed for each year separately. At the level of significance of 0.01, there were a total of 75 accident hotspots in the Florida region, mainly in the north and southwest. Airports with high RI in the Florida area were mainly concentrated in the Miami area and the Tampa Bay area, and Orlando Airport was ranked outside the top 10.