ECOLOGY AND SOCIAL-BEHAVIOR OF MONGOLIAN GERBILS, MERIONES-UNGUICULATUS, AT XILINHOT, INNER-MONGOLIA, CHINA
ECOLOGY AND SOCIAL-BEHAVIOR OF MONGOLIAN GERBILS, MERIONES-UNGUICULATUS, AT XILINHOT, INNER-MONGOLIA, CHINA
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DOI：
10.1016/0003-3472(89)90002-x
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发表时间：
1989-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
ZHONG, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
AGREN, G;ZHOU, Q;ZHONG, W
观察社会和领土的行为在一个野生的高密度人口的蒙古沙鼠。社会单位是多男多女的年龄结构群体，被认为是家庭。手术性别比男性偏高。组大小从2只到约17只动物不等。不重叠的领土被定义为一个集群分布的洞穴，由组成员的活动的共同领域，并通过追逐跨越边界区之间的地区由每个组。领土大小与组的大小，范围从325至1550平方米。在群体内，不同的社会地位表现为主导和从属性质的行为模式。较大的个体支配较小的个体，雄性通常支配雌性。男性的范围更广，他们通常比女性更活跃。亚成体的性成熟率因群体组成而异。主要是最大的繁殖活跃的男性捍卫领土的追逐，也通过标记沿着边界。在发情期间，在生殖活跃的雄性和雌性中观察到标记率增加。观察到三只雌性交配，两只与一只以上的雄性交配。一只雌性优先与邻近的雄性交配。讨论了领地防御、标记行为和混杂交配的功能，并进行了种间比较。目前的观察结果在很大程度上与相关的实验室和自然研究的结果相一致。
Observations were made of social and territorial behaviour in a wild high-density population of Mongolian gerbils. The social units were multi-male, multi-female age-structured groups, judged to be families. The operational sex ratio was male biased. Group size varied from two to about 17 animals. Non-overlapping territories were defined by a clustered distribution of burrows, by common areas of activity of group members, and by chases across border zones between the areas used by each group. Territory size was correlated with group size, and ranged from 325 to 1550 M2. Within groups, differential social status was indicated by behaviour patterns of dominant as well a subordinate character. Larger individuals dominated smaller ones, and males usually dominated females. Males ranged more widely and they were generally more active than females. The rate of sexual maturation in subadults varied according to group composition. Mainly the largest reproductively active males defended the territories by chasing, and also by marking along borders. An increased marking rate was observed in reproductively active males and females during oestrus. Three females were observed to copulate, two with more than one male. One female preferentially copulated with a neighbouring male. The functions of territorial defence, marking behaviour and promiscuous mating are discussed, and some cross-species comparisons are made. The present observations are to a large extent compatible with the results of relevant laboratory and seminatural studies.