Biological carryover effects: linking common concepts and mechanisms in ecology and evolution
Biological carryover effects: linking common concepts and mechanisms in ecology and evolution
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DOI：
10.1890/es13-00388.1
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Cooke, Steven J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Connor, Constance M.;Norris, D. Ryan;Cooke, Steven J.
“携带效应”一词最初源于重复测量的临床实验。然而，该术语最近被应用于生态和进化研究，通常是在迁徙系统中，这导致强调跨季节的非致命影响。在这篇文章中，我们认为，生态结转效应也可以发生在生活史阶段，发育阶段，生理状态，或社会情况，每一个将与一个离散的时间尺度。因此，我们提出的工作定义：在生态背景下，结转效应发生在任何情况下，其中一个人以前的历史和经验解释了他们目前的表现在给定的情况下。这种概念的结转效应提供了一个明确的，但高度灵活的背景下，研究机制，驱动非致命的相互作用之间的不同时期的一个有机体的生命，并团结目前不同的领域调查这些影响在生态系统中。研究领域之间的更多交流和确定不同时间尺度上的结转效应机制，最终将导致更好地了解影响个体适应性变化的因素。
The term 'carryover effect' originally arose from repeated measures clinical experiments. However, the term has more recently been applied to ecological and evolutionary studies, often in migratory systems, which has led to an emphasis on non-lethal effects across seasons. In this article, we suggest that ecological carryover effects can also occur between life-history stages, developmental stages, physiological states, or social situations, and each will be associated with a discrete time-scale. Therefore, we propose the working definition: In an ecological context, carryover effects occur in any situation in which an individual's previous history and experience explains their current performance in a given situation. This concept of carryover effects provides an explicit but highly flexible context for examining the mechanisms that drive non-lethal interactions between distinct periods of an organism's lifetime, and unites the currently disparate fields investigating these effects in ecological systems. Greater communication among research fields and identifying mechanisms of carryover effects at different time scales will ultimately lead to a better understanding of the factors influencing variation in individual fitness.