Determination of the asymptotic limits of adaptive photon counting measurements for coherent-state optical phase estimation
Determination of the asymptotic limits of adaptive photon counting measurements for coherent-state optical phase estimation
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DOI：
10.1038/s41534-022-00601-8
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发表时间：
2022-08
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
M. A. Rodríguez-García;M. Dimario;P. Barberis-Blostein;F. Becerra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. A. Rodríguez-García;M. Dimario;P. Barberis-Blostein;F. Becerra
光学相位的正则相位测量的物理实现是未知的。单次相位估计的目的是确定单次光场的相位，是量子信息处理和计量学中的关键。在这里，我们提出了一个家庭的策略，用于单次相位估计的相干状态的基础上自适应非高斯，光子计数，测量与相干位移，最大化的信息增益作为测量的进展，具有更高的灵敏度超过最知名的自适应高斯策略。为了了解它们的基本特征并展示它们的上级性能，我们开发了一个基于贝叶斯最优实验设计的综合统计分析，它提供了对这些非高斯策略的自然描述。这个数学框架，再加上数值分析和蒙特卡罗方法，使我们能够确定的渐近极限的灵敏度的策略的基础上光子计数设计，以最大限度地提高信息增益，这到目前为止一直是一个具有挑战性的问题。此外，我们表明，这些非高斯相位估计策略具有相同的功能形式的正则相位测量的渐近极限不同，只有一个比例因子，从而提供了最高的灵敏度之间的物理可实现的测量单次相位估计的相干状态已知的日期。这项工作照亮了基于光子计数的光学量子计量和相位估计的优化非高斯测量的潜力。
Physical realizations of the canonical phase measurement for the optical phase are unknown. Single-shot phase estimation, which aims to determine the phase of an optical field in a single shot, is critical in quantum information processing and metrology. Here we present a family of strategies for single-shot phase estimation of coherent states based on adaptive non-Gaussian, photon counting, measurements with coherent displacements that maximize information gain as the measurement progresses, which have higher sensitivities over the best known adaptive Gaussian strategies. To gain understanding about their fundamental characteristics and demonstrate their superior performance, we develop a comprehensive statistical analysis based on Bayesian optimal design of experiments, which provides a natural description of these non-Gaussian strategies. This mathematical framework, together with numerical analysis and Monte Carlo methods, allows us to determine the asymptotic limits in sensitivity of strategies based on photon counting designed to maximize information gain, which up to now had been a challenging problem. Moreover, we show that these non-Gaussian phase estimation strategies have the same functional form as the canonical phase measurement in the asymptotic limit differing only by a scaling factor, thus providing the highest sensitivity among physically-realizable measurements for single-shot phase estimation of coherent states known to date. This work shines light into the potential of optimized non-Gaussian measurements based on photon counting for optical quantum metrology and phase estimation.