Hierarchical Polyelemental Nanoparticles as Bifunctional Catalysts for Oxygen Evolution and Reduction Reactions
Hierarchical Polyelemental Nanoparticles as Bifunctional Catalysts for Oxygen Evolution and Reduction Reactions
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DOI：
10.1002/aenm.202001119
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发表时间：
2020-05-12
影响因子：
27.8
通讯作者：
Hu, Liangbing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu, Meiling;Cui, Mingjin;Hu, Liangbing
高效的电催化剂是各种清洁能源转换和储存系统的关键。多元素纳米材料因其广泛的组成和协同性能而成为多功能催化剂。然而，由于多元素纳米材料的复杂组成，控制合成是困难的。本文提出了一种一步合成策略，制备了一种多层纳米材料，该材料含有超小的贵金属纳米颗粒（IrPt，约5 nm），锚定在尖晶石结构的过渡金属氧化物纳米颗粒上。该多元素纳米颗粒是析氧反应（OER）和氧还原反应（ORR）的优良双功能催化剂。在相同过电位下，多元素纳米颗粒的质量催化活性是ORR中Pt的7倍，OER中Ir的28倍，表明双功能电催化剂具有较高的活性。这种优异的性能归功于可控的多元素组成、混合化学状态和大的电活性表面积。这些纳米颗粒的分层纳米结构和多元素设计为催化、太阳能电池等提供了一种通用而强大的替代材料。
Efficient electrocatalysts are critical in various clean energy conversion and storage systems. Polyelemental nanomaterials are attractive as multifunctional catalysts due to their wide compositions and synergistic properties. However, controlled synthesis of polyelemental nanomaterials is difficult due to their complex composition. Herein, a one-step synthetic strategy is presented to fabricate a hierarchical polyelemental nanomaterial, which contains ultrasmall precious metal nanoparticles (IrPt, approximate to 5 nm) anchored on spinel-structure transition metal oxide nanoparticles. The polyelemental nanoparticles serve as excellent bifunctional catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The mass catalytic activity of the polyelemental nanoparticles is 7-times higher than that of Pt in ORR and 28-times that of Ir in OER at the same overpotentials, demonstrating the high activity of the bifunctional electrocatalyst. This outstanding performance is attributed to the controlled multiple elemental composition, mixed chemical states, and large electroactive surface area. The hierarchical nanostructure and polyelemental design of these nanoparticles offer a general and powerful alternative material for catalysis, solar cells, and more.