Supercritical fluids for nanotechnology
Supercritical fluids for nanotechnology
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DOI：
10.1016/j.supflu.2017.12.033
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Yoko, Akira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adschiri, Tadafumi;Yoko, Akira
纳米材料表现出尺寸和/或结构相关的特性，必须加以控制。控制组成材料与介质之间的相互作用对结构的形成至关重要。纳米材料尤其如此，因为它们的相互作用能非常大。控制纳米材料与介质之间的相互作用以及表面设计是至关重要的。超临界流体可以自由控制纳米材料的物理性质和相行为，从而调节纳米材料之间的相互作用。因此，超临界流体技术应用于纳米颗粒的合成、表面设计和纳米结构的形成，从而解决与传统工艺相关的问题。为了合理设计纳米材料和合成工艺，必须全面了解相平衡、溶剂对动力学的影响、纳米材料与流体的相互作用以及超临界流体中的输运现象。这种方法将有助于建立超临界流体的“单元操作”。超临界流体的使用也是理解纳米结构形成机制的有效途径。通过与其他科学类别的融合，这种方法可以为建立一个整体的纳米材料科学铺平道路。
Nanomaterials exhibit size- and/or structure-dependent properties, which must be controlled. Controlling the interaction between the component materials and medium is important in the formation of structures. This is particularly true for nanomaterials because their interaction energy is extremely large. Controlling the interaction between nanomaterials and the medium is crucial, together with the surface design. Supercritical fluids can freely control the physical properties and phase behavior, thus tuning the interaction between nanomaterials. Therefore, supercritical fluid technology should be used for the synthesis of nanoparticles, surface design, and formation of nanostructures, thus solving the problems associated with conventional processes. For the rational design of nanomaterials and synthetic process, a holistic understanding of the phase equilibria, solvent effect on kinetics, interaction between nanomaterials and the fluid, and the transport phenomena in supercritical fluids is necessary. This approach will help establish the "unit operation" of supercritical fluids. The use of supercritical fluids can also be an effective approach for understanding the mechanism of formation of nanostructures. Through fusion with other categories of science, such an approach could pave the way for establishing a holistic nanomaterials science.