Children's emerging regulation of conduct: restraint, compliance, and internalization from infancy to the second year.
Children's emerging regulation of conduct: restraint, compliance, and internalization from infancy to the second year.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1998.tb06218.x
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发表时间：
1998-10
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
G. Kochanska;Terri L. Tjebkes;David R. Forman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Kochanska;Terri L. Tjebkes;David R. Forman
我们研究了从婴儿期到第二年的紧急行为规范。家庭和实验室的多项观察措施评估了 8-10 个月时孩子的克制和注意力 (N = 112)，以及 13-15 个月时对母亲的依从性、她的禁令的内化以及母子教学环境中的动机质量 (N = 108)。我们重复了之前针对年龄较大的儿童报告的研究结果，这些结果支持了我们对顺从和不顺从的看法是异质的：对母亲“不该做”的承诺遵守高于“该做”，而对于情境顺从则相反；女孩在遵守承诺方面超过了男孩；承诺的（但不是情境性的）顺从与儿童对母亲禁令的内化呈正相关，而被动不顺从则呈负相关。我们将之前的工作扩展到三个新的方向：儿童在控制环境中的承诺顺从和被动不顺从可预见地与他们在母子教学环境中的动机相关； 8-10 个月时的限制预示着 13-15 个月时更高的承诺合规性； 8-10 个月时的集中注意力与同时进行的约束有关，并且与 13-15 个月时对母亲“应做的事情”的遵守程度有关。
We examined emergent regulation of conduct from infancy to the second year. Multiple observational measures at home and in the laboratory assessed, at 8-10 months, the child's restraint and attention (N = 112), and at 13-15 months, compliance to mother, internalization of her prohibition, and quality of motivation in the mother-child teaching context (N = 108). We replicated the findings previously reported for older children that supported our view of compliance and noncompliance as heterogeneous: Committed compliance was higher to maternal "don'ts" than "dos," with the reverse true for situational compliance; girls surpassed boys in committed compliance; and committed, but not situational, compliance related positively, and passive noncompliance negatively, to children's internalization of maternal prohibition. We extended previous work into three new directions: children's committed compliance and passive noncompliance in control contexts related predictably to their motivation in mother-child teaching contexts; restraint at 8-10 months predicted higher committed compliance at 13-15 months; and focused attention at 8-10 months was associated with contemporaneous restraint and modestly with committed compliance to maternal "dos" at 13-15 months.