Genetic Linkage Mapping
Genetic Linkage Mapping
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遗传连锁图谱
DOI：
10.1002/9780470015902.a0005360.pub2
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ott Jurg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Imai-Okazaki Atsuko;Ott Jurg
沿着染色体随机发生的交叉允许定义遗传距离。这种距离被用来创建遗传图谱，并在这些图谱上定位疾病基因。人类基因图谱由密集的DNA多态性组成，特别是单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和DNA测序产生的单核苷酸变异（SNV）。连锁作图的主要应用是在人类标记图上定位假设的疾病基因，这反过来又代表了理解疾病病因的第一步。虽然连锁分析是遗传作图的主要方法，但已开发出更新的方法，例如，允许使用单个受影响个体与一些对照个体结合的方法，这种情况不受标准连锁和遗传关联分析的影响。
Random occurrences of crossovers along a chromosome permit definition of a genetic distance. Such distances are used to create genetic maps and localise disease genes on these maps. Human genetic maps consist of dense sets of DNA polymorphisms, notably single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and, resulting from DNA sequencing, single-nucleotide variants (SNVs). The main application of linkage mapping is to localise hypothesised disease genes on the human marker maps, which in turn represents the first step towards understanding of disease aetiology. While linkage analysis represents the mainstay for genetic mapping, newer approaches have been developed, for example, methods allowing the use of a single affected individual in conjunction with a number of control individuals, a situation not tractable by standard linkage and genetic association analyses.