Analysis of the transition condition of rear-end collisions using time-to-collision index and vehicle trajectory data
Analysis of the transition condition of rear-end collisions using time-to-collision index and vehicle trajectory data
复制标题
利用碰撞时间指数和车辆轨迹数据分析追尾碰撞的过渡条件
DOI：
10.1016/j.aap.2020.105676
复制
发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Shi, Yuntao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Ye;Wu, Dan;Shi, Yuntao
碰撞时间（TTC）指标被广泛用于评估追尾碰撞风险，但很少有研究关注车辆从安全状态转变为危险状态的特殊过渡过程。本研究对追尾碰撞的过渡条件进行了深入分析。真实的车辆轨迹数据是从联邦公路管理局的下一代模拟 (NGSIM) 数据集中提取的。 TTC 指数用于查明危险和过渡条件。总共对13种转变条件进行了分类，并提出了一种新的指标——TTC的导数（TTCD）来评估TTC的变化率。基于开发的回归模型，进一步分析了对应于不同时间点或间隔的三种类型的TTCD。研究结果表明：（1）虽然理论上共有13种转变条件，但实践中以三种为主； (2) 转变起点处的TTCD(t(0))值明显小于终点处的TTCD(t(1))和平均TTCD(t(0)，t(1))，这表明TTC值变化最快，而TTCD(t(1))的TTC值变化最慢； (3)跟随车辆的速度和加速度以及两辆车之间的速度差和加速度差对TTCD有显着影响。 TTCD(t(0))的影响比TTCD(t(1))的影响更为显着，并且TTCD(t(0)、t(1))始终表现出平均特性。最后根据上述研究结果讨论了相应的对策。
Time-to-collision (TTC) index has been extensively utilized to evaluate rear-end collision risks, but few studies have focused on the special transition process that vehicles change from a safe to a dangerous situation. This study conducts an in-depth analysis of the transition condition of rear-end collisions. Realistic vehicle trajectory data were extracted from the Federal Highway Administration's Next Generation Simulation (NGSIM) datasets. The TTC index was utilized to pinpoint dangerous and transition conditions. A total of 13 types of transition conditions were categorized and a novel indicator, the derivative of TTC (TTCD), is proposed to evaluate changing rate of TTCs. Three types of TTCDs, corresponding to different time point or interval, were further analyzed based on developed regression models. The results indicate that: (1) although theoretically there are a total of 13 types of transition conditions, three types are dominant in practice; (2) the TTCD (t(0)) values at transition start points are significantly smaller than the TTCD (t(1)) at end points and the average TTCD (t(0), t(1)), which indicates the quickest change of TTC values, while the TTCD (t(1)) has the slowest changes of TTC values; and (3) the following vehicle's speed and acceleration rate, and speed difference and acceleration difference between two vehicles have significant effects on TTCDs. The influences are more remarkable of TTCD (t(0)) than those of TTCD (t(1)), and the TTCD (t(0), t(1)) always shows the average characteristic. Lastly, corresponding countermeasures are discussed based on findings above.