Glutamate receptor plasticity at excitatory synapses in the brain
Glutamate receptor plasticity at excitatory synapses in the brain
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04722.x
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发表时间：
2007-10-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Montgomery, Johanna M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Genoux, David;Montgomery, Johanna M.
突触可塑性（Synapse plasticity）是指突触强度的活动依赖性变化，自1973年被首次描述以来，突触可塑性已成为神经科学中最广泛的研究领域之一，人们一直致力于研究突触强度变化的表达机制。本综述将集中在谷氨酸受体的突触后表达的变化，已被证明发生在突触plasticity.Biochemical研究兴奋性突触在中枢神经系统的表达已经揭示了高密度的蛋白质集中在树突棘。这些蛋白质在突触结构、可塑性和将受体运输到突触中起关键作用，越来越多的证据表明突触可塑性可能是某些形式的学习和记忆的细胞基础。确定这一基本突触过程的行为相关性将继续在当前和未来的研究中得到解决。
Synapse plasticity, defined as an activity dependent change in the strength of synapses, was first described in 1973 and, since those seminal experiments were reported, the field of synapse plasticity has expanded into one of the most widely studied areas in neuroscience.Significant effort has been focused on determining the expression mechanisms of the changes in synapse strength. The present review will focus on the changes in the post-synaptic expression of glutamate receptors that have been shown to occur during the expression of synapse plasticity.Biochemical studies of excitatory synapses in the central nervous system have revealed a high density of proteins concentrated at dendritic spines. These proteins appear to play critical roles in synaptic structure, plasticity and in trafficking receptors to synapses.There is growing evidence that synapse plasticity could be the cellular basis of certain forms of learning and memory. Determining the behavioural correlates of this fundamental synaptic process will continue to be addressed in current and future research.