The functional roles of muscles during sloped walking.
The functional roles of muscles during sloped walking.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.08.004
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发表时间：
2016-10-03
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Silverman AK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pickle NT;Grabowski AM;Auyang AG;Silverman AK
从生物力学角度来看，斜坡行走与平地行走不同，这可以从关节运动学和动力学的变化中得到证明。然而，这些改变的运动模式背后的肌肉功能角色的变化尚未确定。在这项研究中，我们开发了273个肌肉驱动的模拟来评估肌肉功能的作用，通过诱导的身体重心加速度和躯干和腿部力量来量化，以1.25 m/s的速度在0°，±3°，±6°和±9°的斜坡上行走。与平地相比，比目鱼肌和腓肠肌都提供了更大的平行于+9°斜坡的身体向前加速度（分别为+126%和+66%）。然而，尽管比目鱼肌传递给躯干的力量随坡度而变化，但双关节腓肠肌传递给躯干和同侧腿的净力量的大小在所有坡度上都是相似的。在+9°时，与平地相比，髋伸肌从躯干吸收更多的力量（腿筋肌230%，臀大肌140%），并向双腿产生更多的力量（腿筋肌200%，臀大肌160%）。在- 9°时，膝关节伸肌（股直肌和股肌）使身体向上垂直于斜坡的加速度至少增加50%，向后平行于斜坡的加速度是平地上的两倍。此外，在大幅度下降时，膝关节伸肌从同侧腿吸收更多的力量来控制下降。未来的研究可以利用这些结果来制定有针对性的康复计划和辅助设备，旨在恢复受损人群的倾斜行走能力。
Sloped walking is biomechanically different from level-ground walking, as evidenced by changes in joint kinematics and kinetics. However, the changes in muscle functional roles underlying these altered movement patterns have not been established. In this study, we developed a total of 273 muscle-actuated simulations to assess muscle functional roles, quantified by induced body center-of-mass accelerations and trunk and leg power, during walking on slopes of 0°, ±3°, ±6°, and ±9° at 1.25 m/s. The soleus and gastrocnemius both provided greater forward acceleration of the body parallel to the slope at +9° compared to level ground (+126% and +66%, respectively). However, while the power delivered to the trunk by the soleus varied with slope, the magnitude of net power delivered to the trunk and ipsilateral leg by the biarticular gastrocnemius was similar across all slopes. At +9°, the hip extensors absorbed more power from the trunk (230% hamstrings, 140% gluteus maximus) and generated more power to both legs (200% hamstrings, 160% gluteus maximus) compared to level ground. At −9°, the knee extensors (rectus femoris and vasti) accelerated the body upward perpendicular to the slope at least 50% more and backward parallel to the slope twice as much as on level ground. In addition, the knee extensors absorbed greater amounts of power from the ipsilateral leg on greater declines to control descent. Future studies can use these results to develop targeted rehabilitation programs and assistive devices aimed at restoring sloped walking ability in impaired populations.