Mechanical Properties of Glass
Mechanical Properties of Glass
复制标题
玻璃的机械性能
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-93728-1_7
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y. Guéguen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Guin;Y. Guéguen
本章重点介绍玻璃在低于其玻璃化转变温度时的机械性能和行为。在这个温度范围内，它们通常被视为完全脆性材料：仅弹性变形的材料，直到它们断裂。本章从弹性到断裂的领域探讨玻璃的行为。我们首先回顾了最广泛使用的方法用于测量玻璃的弹性模量，以及关于玻璃中的弹性模量和短程至中程有序之间的关系的知识的现有技术。然后我们讨论了玻璃的非线性弹性，以及温度和压力对弹性模量的影响。但是玻璃也可以在高水平的压缩应力下塑性变形，特别是在尖锐接触（压痕）下，因为高压和剪切应力。这种塑性变形高度依赖于玻璃组成;它是由致密化和剪切流动引起的，这两种机制受到加载路径、温度和应变速率的影响。我们研究如何塑性下发生尖锐接触（e。例如，在一个实施例中，压痕、划痕），直至出现损坏（裂纹）。最后，我们研究了玻璃的实际强度，这是高度依赖于抵抗表面损伤以及裂纹扩展（断裂韧性）。还讨论了水分的重要作用，因为它是负责亚临界裂纹扩展，从而降低玻璃部件的耐久性。
This chapter focuses on the mechanical properties and behavior of glasses below their glass transition temperature. In this temperature range, they are usually seen as perfectly brittle materials: materials that deform only elastically, until they break. This chapter explores the behavior of glasses from the domain from elasticity to fracture. We first review the most widely used methods for measuring the elastic moduli of glasses, and the state of the art regarding knowledge of the relationship between elastic moduli and short- to medium-range order in glasses. We then discuss nonlinear elasticity in glasses, and how temperature and pressure impact on elastic moduli. But glasses can also deform plastically under high levels of compressive stress, particularly under sharp contact (indentation), because of high pressure and shear stress. This plastic deformation is highly dependent on glass composition; it results from densification and shear flow, two mechanisms that are affected by the loading path, temperature and strain rate. We examine how plasticity occurs under sharp contact (e. g., indentation, scratch), until damage appears (cracks). Finally, we examine the practical strength of glasses, which is highly dependent on resistance to surface damage as well as to crack propagation (fracture toughness). The important role of moisture is also discussed, as it is responsible for subcritical crack propagation, and thus lower durability of glass parts.
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影响因子：
6
作者：
Stefan Romeis;Jonas Paul;P. Herre;D. Ligny;Jochen Schmidt;W. Peukert
通讯作者：
Stefan Romeis;Jonas Paul;P. Herre;D. Ligny;Jochen Schmidt;W. Peukert
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
R. Limbach;A. Winterstein-Beckmann;J. Dellith;D. Möncke;L. Wondraczek
通讯作者：
R. Limbach;A. Winterstein-Beckmann;J. Dellith;D. Möncke;L. Wondraczek
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Mackovic, M.;Niekiel, F.;Spiecker, E.
通讯作者：
Spiecker, E.
影响因子：
6
作者：
Mackovic, M.;Niekiel, F.;Spiecker, E.
通讯作者：
Spiecker, E.