The role of quantum coherence in non-equilibrium entropy production
The role of quantum coherence in non-equilibrium entropy production
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DOI：
10.1038/s41534-019-0138-y
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Paternostro, Mauro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Santos, Jader P.;Celeri, Lucas C.;Paternostro, Mauro
热力学不可逆性的特征是由非平衡量子过程产生的熵。我们表明，经历开放系统动力学的量子系统的熵产生可以正式地分为一个术语，只取决于人口不平衡，一个是由量子相干性的基础。这使我们能够确定非平衡量子过程中熵产生的真正量子贡献。我们讨论了这些功能如何出现在Lindblad-Davies微分映射和有限映射的热操作的约束。我们还展示了这种分离如何自然地导致两个独立的熵守恒定律的全球系统环境动力学，一个是指人口之间的重新分配系统和环境和其他描述的连贯性最初存在于系统中是如何分布到本地的coherency的环境和非本地coherency的系统环境状态。最后，我们讨论了如何处理量子相干性和非对易测量的不相容性导致量子轨道和波动定理的描述的基本限制。
Thermodynamic irreversibility is well characterized by the entropy production arising from non-equilibrium quantum processes. We show that the entropy production of a quantum system undergoing open-system dynamics can be formally split into a term that only depends on population unbalances, and one that is underpinned by quantum coherences. This allows us to identify a genuine quantum contribution to the entropy production in non-equilibrium quantum processes. We discuss how these features emerge both in Lindblad-Davies differential maps and finite maps subject to the constraints of thermal operations. We also show how this separation naturally leads to two independent entropic conservation laws for the global system-environment dynamics, one referring to the redistribution of populations between system and environment and the other describing how the coherence initially present in the system is distributed into local coherences in the environment and non-local coherences in the system-environment state. Finally, we discuss how the processing of quantum coherences and the incompatibility of non-commuting measurements leads to fundamental limitations in the description of quantum trajectories and fluctuation theorems.