Semiquantum key distribution with high quantum noise tolerance
Semiquantum key distribution with high quantum noise tolerance
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DOI：
10.1103/physreva.100.022319
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发表时间：
2019-08-16
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Krawec, Walter O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amer, Omar;Krawec, Walter O.
半量子密钥分配协议的设计允许双方建立一个共享的秘密密钥，即使其中一个用户被限制在一个单一的基础上测量和准备量子态，也可以对抗全能的对手。虽然从理论角度来看很有趣，但这些协议的缺点是需要双向量子通信信道，这通常限制了它们的理论效率和噪声容限。在本文中，我们构建了一个半量子密钥分配（SQKD）协议，实际上利用了这一必要的双向通道，并进行信息理论的安全分析后，对集体攻击，我们表明它是能够容忍的信道噪声水平高于任何先前的SQKD协议。我们还比较了我们的协议的噪声容忍度的其他双向全量子协议，沿着与BB84与经典的优势蒸馏。我们还评论了一些实际问题，涉及半量子密钥分配（特别是，关于潜在的复杂性，在物理实现我们的协议相比，与其他标准的QKD协议）。最后，我们开发的技术，可应用于其他（S）QKD协议依赖于双向量子通信信道的安全性分析。
Semiquantum key distribution protocols are designed to allow two parties to establish a shared secret key, secure against an all-powerful adversary, even when one of the users is restricted to measuring and preparing quantum states in one single basis. While interesting from a theoretical standpoint, these protocols have the disadvantage that a two-way quantum communication channel is necessary which generally limits their theoretical efficiency and noise tolerance. In this paper, we construct a semiquantum key distribution (SQKD) protocol which actually takes advantage of this necessary two-way channel, and, after performing an information theoretic security analysis against collective attacks, we show it is able to tolerate a channel noise level higher than any prior SQKD protocol to date. We also compare the noise tolerance of our protocol to other two-way fully quantum protocols, along with BB84 with classical advantage distillation. We also comment on some practical issues involving semiquantum key distribution (in particular, concerning the potential complexity in physical implementation of our protocol as compared with other standard QKD protocols). Finally, we develop techniques that can be applied to the security analysis of other (S)QKD protocols reliant on a two-way quantum communication channel.