Responses of adult mosquitoes of two sibling species, Anopheles arabiensis and A-gambiae s.s. (Diptera: Culicidae), to high temperatures
Responses of adult mosquitoes of two sibling species, Anopheles arabiensis and A-gambiae s.s. (Diptera: Culicidae), to high temperatures
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DOI：
10.1079/ber2004316
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发表时间：
2004-10-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Lindsay, SW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kirby, MJ;Lindsay, SW
冈比亚按蚊复合群的兄弟种中，冈比亚按蚊A. arabiensisPatton优势种为A. gambiae sensu stricto Giles在非洲炎热干燥的地区。本文研究了A. arabiensis比A.冈比亚有限公司在小气候层面。使用生物测定来评估在温度升高的情况下成蚊的行为回避活动。雌蚊被引入到一个保持管中，它们可以通过一个单向漏斗逃到笼子里。从28摄氏度的起始温度开始，他们每30分钟暴露在20摄氏度的温度上升中，直到所有的蚊子都逃跑或被击倒。随着温度的升高，A. arabiensis离开保温管的温度高于A.冈比亚有限公司（A. arabiensis平均活化温度= 35.7 ℃，95%CI = 35.4- 36.1 ℃;冈比亚有限公司= 33.0 ℃，32.5- 33.5 ℃）。为了确定这两个物种在极高温度下生存的相对能力，将一批批昆虫暴露在40摄氏度的不同时间。杀死50%的A需要相当长的时间。arabiensis在40 ℃下的生长速度比A.冈比亚有限公司(112 min vs. 67 min）。这些数据表明，A. arabiensis比A. gambiae s.s.，这一特点反映在非洲的空间和时间分布上。
It is well known that amongst the sibling species of the Anopheles gambiae complex, A. arabiensis Patton predominates over A. gambiae sensu stricto Giles in hotter, drier parts of Africa. Here it was investigated whether A. arabiensis is better adapted to higher temperatures than A. gambiae s.s. at the microclimatic level. Bioassays were used to assess behavioural avoidance activity of adult mosquitoes in the presence of increasing temperature. Female mosquitoes were introduced into a holding tube from which they could escape into a cage through a one-way funnel. From a starting temperature of 28degreesC they were exposed to a 2degreesC rise in temperature every 30 min until all mosquitoes had escaped or been knocked down. As temperature increased, A. arabiensis left the holding tube at higher temperatures than A. gambiae s.s. (A. arabiensis mean activation temperature = 35.7degreesC, 95% CIs = 35.4-36.1degreesC; A. gambiae s.s. = 33.0degreesC, 32.5-33.5degreesC). To determine the relative ability of both species to survive at extremely high temperatures, batches of insects were exposed to 40degreesC for different periods. It took considerably longer to kill 50% of A. arabiensis at 40degreesC than it did A. gambiae s.s. (112 min vs. 67 min). These data show that adult A. arabiensis are better adapted to hotter conditions than A. gambiae s.s., a characteristic that is reflected in their spatial and temporal distribution in Africa.