Polarization entanglement-enabled quantum holography
Polarization entanglement-enabled quantum holography
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DOI：
10.1038/s41567-020-01156-1
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发表时间：
2021-02-04
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Faccio, Daniele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Defienne, Hugo;Ndagano, Bienvenu;Faccio, Daniele
通过利用光子之间的偏振纠缠，量子全息术可以避免对经典全息术至关重要的一阶相干性的需求。全息术是一种基石表征和成像技术，可以应用于从X射线到无线电波甚至中子等粒子的整个电磁频谱。所有这些全息方法的关键特性是相干性，这是通过与参考光束干涉来提取相位信息所必需的。没有这一点，全息术是不可能的。在这里，我们介绍了一个全息成像方法，一阶非相干和非偏振光束，使没有相位信息可以从一个经典的干涉测量中提取。相反，全息信息被编码在光的纠缠态的二阶相干中。利用空间偏振超纠缠光子对，远程重建复杂物体的相位图像。信息被编码到纠缠态的偏振度中，使我们能够通过动态相位无序成像，甚至在存在强经典噪声的情况下，与经典相干全息系统相比，具有增强的空间分辨率。除了成像之外，量子全息术通过空间分辨的Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt不等式测量来量化分布在10（4）个模式上的超纠缠，并应用于量子态表征。
By exploiting polarization entanglement between photons, quantum holography can circumvent the need for first-order coherence that is vital to classical holography.Holography is a cornerstone characterization and imaging technique that can be applied to the full electromagnetic spectrum, from X-rays to radio waves or even particles such as neutrons. The key property in all these holographic approaches is coherence, which is required to extract the phase information through interference with a reference beam. Without this, holography is not possible. Here we introduce a holographic imaging approach that operates on first-order incoherent and unpolarized beams, so that no phase information can be extracted from a classical interference measurement. Instead, the holographic information is encoded in the second-order coherence of entangled states of light. Using spatial-polarization hyper-entangled photon pairs, we remotely reconstruct phase images of complex objects. Information is encoded into the polarization degree of the entangled state, allowing us to image through dynamic phase disorder and even in the presence of strong classical noise, with enhanced spatial resolution compared with classical coherent holographic systems. Beyond imaging, quantum holography quantifies hyper-entanglement distributed over 10(4) modes via a spatially resolved Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality measurement, with applications in quantum state characterization.