PHOTOPERIOD-SENSITIVE CYTOPLASMIC MALE-STERILITY IN WHEAT WITH AEGILOPS-CRASSA CYTOPLASM
PHOTOPERIOD-SENSITIVE CYTOPLASMIC MALE-STERILITY IN WHEAT WITH AEGILOPS-CRASSA CYTOPLASM
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00022723
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发表时间：
1993-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
TSUNEWAKI, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MURAI, K;TSUNEWAKI, K
普通小麦 (Triticum aestivum) Norin 26 与粗糙山羊草，Ae。 juvenalis 或 Ae。 vavilovii 细胞质（均为 D2 型）已针对其雄性不育和生育力恢复模式的光周期响应进行了研究。具有 D2 型细胞质的“Norin 26”异质麦克风系在长日照条件（大于或等于 15 h）下表现出几乎完全的雄性不育性，但在短日照条件（小于或等于 14.5 h）下表现出高雄性育性。没有观察到温度对男性生育力降低的显着影响。因此，这种类型的雄性不育被称为“光周期敏感细胞质雄性不育”（PCMS）。 PCMS以雄蕊的雌蕊形式表达。组织学研究表明，雌雄蕊中没有绒毡层细胞和花粉粒，而是存在不完整的胚珠样结构。植物的小花分化期是对光周期敏感的阶段。 PCMS可作为杂交小麦生产的新手段，称为“双系系统”。 PCMS系在短日照条件下通过自花受精来维持和繁殖，并且可以通过在长日照条件下将PCMS系与授粉系杂交来产生杂交种子。与使用 T. timopheevi 细胞质的杂交小麦生产系统相比，本系统仅需要 PCMS 和传粉系。
Triticum aestivum cv. Norin 26 with Aegilops crassa, Ae. juvenalis or Ae. vavilovii cytoplasm (all D2 type) has been studied relative to its photoperiodic response of male sterility and fertility restoration patterns. Alloplasmic mic lines of 'Norin 26' with a D2 type cytoplasm showed almost complete male sterility under long-day conditions (greater-than-or-equal-to 15 h), but high male fertility under short-day conditions (less-than-or-equal-to 14.5 h). No significant influence of temperature on reduction in male fertility was observed. Thus, this type of male sterility is called 'photoperiod-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility' (PCMS). The PCMS is expressed in the form of pistillody of stamens. Histological studies revealed that there were incomplete ovule-like structures instead of tapetal cells and pollen grains in the pistillate stamens. The floret differentiation stage of the plant is the stage that is sensitive to photoperiod. The PCMS can be used as a new means for hybrid wheat production, named 'two-line system'. The PCMS line is maintained and multiplied by self-fertilization under short-day conditions, and hybrid seed can be produced by crossing the PCMS line with a pollinator line under long-day conditions. In contrast to the system of hybrid wheat production using the T. timopheevi cytoplasm, the present system requires only PCMS and pollinator lines.