Adolescent well-being amid the COVID-19 pandemic: Are girls struggling more than boys?
Adolescent well-being amid the COVID-19 pandemic: Are girls struggling more than boys?
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DOI：
10.1002/jcv2.12027
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发表时间：
2021-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sigfusdottir ID
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Halldorsdottir T;Thorisdottir IE;Meyers CCA;Asgeirsdottir BB;Kristjansson AL;Valdimarsdottir HB;Allegrante JP;Sigfusdottir ID
冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2（COVID-19）大流行和相关的公共限制对青春期女孩和男孩的不同影响正在显现，但尚未得到阐明。这项研究考察了冰岛COVID-19大流行期间青少年福祉广泛指标的性别差异，并探讨了这些差异的潜在解释。2004年在冰岛出生的523名青年（56.5%为女孩）完成了对心理健康问题（抑郁症状、愤怒和自杀企图）的测量，以及为本研究设计的评估青少年福祉广泛指标的测量（例如，日常生活、学习成绩、家庭和同伴关系以及身心健康）和行为变化。将疫情期间的心理健康问题与基于2018年全国同龄人评级的预期得分进行比较。尽管男孩和女孩似乎都受到了影响，但在COVID-19期间，女孩报告的所有广泛的幸福和行为变化指标的负面影响都大于男孩，他们的抑郁症状高于并超出了预期的全国评分（t（1514）= 4.80，p <0.001，Cohen's d = 0.315）。更严重的抑郁症状与女孩被动使用社交媒体的增加以及通过电话或社交媒体与家庭成员联系的减少有关，而男孩的睡眠减少和单独在线游戏增加有关。担心其他人感染COVID-19，日常和学校惯例的变化，以及没有亲自见到朋友，这些都是年轻人（尤其是女孩）心理健康状况不佳的主要原因。青少年普遍受到COVID-19大流行及其相关限制的负面影响;然而，这种负面影响在女孩中更为明显。研究结果表明，稳定的日常生活和保持社会联系可能有助于年轻人科普与流行病相关的不确定性和社会限制。此外，卫生保健提供者、教师和其他专业人员应密切关注流行病期间女孩的抑郁症状。
Differential effects of the coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 (COVID‐19) pandemic and associated public restrictions on adolescent girls and boys are emerging but have not been elucidated. This study examined gender differences across broad indicators of adolescent well‐being during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Iceland, and explored potential explanations for these differences. In total, 523 youth (56.5% girls) born in Iceland in 2004 completed measures on mental health problems (depressive symptoms, anger and suicide attempts) and measures designed for this study to assess broad indicators of adolescent well‐being (e.g., day‐to‐day life, academic performance, family and peer relationships, and mental and physical health) and behavioral changes during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Mental health problems during the pandemic were compared to expected scores based on nationwide ratings of same‐aged peers in 2018. Although both boys and girls appeared affected, girls reported a greater negative impact across all the broad indicators of well‐being and behavioral change during COVID‐19 than boys, and their depressive symptoms were above and beyond the expected nationwide scores (t(1514) = 4.80, p < .001, Cohen's d = 0.315). Higher depressive symptoms were associated with increased passive social media use and decreased connecting with family members via telephone or social media among girls, and decreased sleeping and increased online gaming alone among boys. Concern about others contracting COVID‐19, changes in daily and school routines, and not seeing friends in person were among the primary contributors to poor mental health identified by youth, particularly girls. Adolescents were broadly negatively affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic and accompanying restrictions; however, this negative impact was more pronounced in girls. The findings suggest that a steady routine and remaining socially connected may help youth cope with the uncertainty and social restrictions associated with a pandemic. Moreover, healthcare providers, teachers, and other professionals should pay close attention to depressive symptoms among girls during a pandemic.