Reinforced variability decreases with approach to reinforcers.
Reinforced variability decreases with approach to reinforcers.
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随着强化物的使用，强化变异性会降低。
DOI：
10.1037//0097-7403.22.4.497
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Neuringer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colin Cherot;Aaron A. Jones;A. Neuringer
奖励预期对操作变异性的影响与对操作重复的影响不同。我们加强了大鼠和鸽子组中的可变（VAR）反应序列和单独组中的重复（REP）反应序列。每个食品加工商需要固定数量的变化或重复（例如，固定比率4）。虽然VAR意外事件导致高水平的可变性和REP意外事件在高重复，相反的模式的性能准确性观察到的奖励接近。在固定比率范围内，满足REP或有事项的可能性增加，而满足VAR或有事项的可能性减少。与食物相关的条件强化刺激也会产生这些相反的准确性模式。接近强化物对变异性的限制可能解释了奖励的一些不利影响。
Anticipation of rewards had different effects on operant variability than on operant repetition. We reinforced variable (VAR) response sequences in groups of rats and pigeons and repetitive (REP) response sequences in separate groups. A fixed number of variations or repetitions was required per food reinforcer (e.g., fixed-ratio 4). Although VAR contingencies resulted in high levels of variability and REP contingencies in high repetition, opposite patterns of performance accuracy were observed as rewards were approached. Likelihood of satisfying REP contingencies increased within the fixed ratio, whereas likelihood of satisfying VAR contingencies decreased. These opposite patterns of accuracy were also generated by conditioned reinforcing stimuli correlated with food. Constraints on variability by proximity to reinforcers may explain some detrimental effects of reward.