Salt and blood pressure in children and adolescents
Salt and blood pressure in children and adolescents
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.jhh.1002268
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
MacGregor, G. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He, F. J.;Marrero, N. M.;MacGregor, G. A.
为了研究儿童和青少年盐摄入量与血压之间的关系，我们分析了一项大型横断面研究（全国青少年饮食和营养调查）的数据，该研究于1997年在英国进行，在全国范围内对4至18岁的儿童进行了代表性抽样。共有1658名参与者记录了盐摄入量和血压。通过7天饮食记录评估盐摄入量。4岁时的平均盐摄入量（不包括烹饪或餐桌上添加的盐）为4.7 +/- 0.2 g/天。随着年龄的增长，盐的摄入量增加，到18岁时，盐的摄入量为6.8 +/- 0.2克/天。在调整了年龄、性别、体重指数和膳食钾摄入量后，盐摄入量与收缩压和脉压有显著相关性。盐摄入量增加1克/天与收缩压增加0.4毫米汞柱和脉搏压增加0.6毫米汞柱有关。与收缩压相关的程度与最近对盐摄入量减少的对照试验的荟萃分析中观察到的非常相似。我们目前对自由生活个体随机样本的分析结果与对照减盐试验的结果一致，为减少儿童和青少年的盐摄入量提供了进一步的支持。
To study the relationship between salt intake and blood pressure in children and adolescents, we analysed the data of a large cross-sectional study (the National Diet and Nutrition Survey for young people), which was carried out in Great Britain in 1997 in a nationally representative sample of children aged between 4 and 18 years. A total of 1658 participants had both salt intake and blood pressure recorded. Salt intake was assessed by a 7-day dietary record. The average salt intake, which did not include salt added in cooking or at the table, was 4.7 +/- 0.2 g/day at the age of 4 years. With increasing age, there was an increase in salt intake, and by the age of 18 years, salt intake was 6.8 +/- 0.2 g/day. There was a significant association of salt intake with systolic blood pressure as well as with pulse pressure after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index and dietary potassium intake. An increase of 1 g/day in salt intake was related to an increase of 0.4 mm Hg in systolic and 0.6 mm Hg in pulse pressure. The magnitude of the association with systolic blood pressure is very similar to that observed in a recent meta-analysis of controlled trials where salt intake was reduced. The consistent finding of our present analysis of a random sample of free-living individuals with that from controlled salt reduction trials provides further support for a reduction in salt intake in children and adolescents.